﻿REPORT 
  

  

  OF 
  THE 
  

  

  SECRETARY 
  OF 
  THE 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  

  

  Charles 
  D. 
  Walcott, 
  

   FOR 
  THE 
  YEAR 
  ENDING 
  JUNE 
  30, 
  1922. 
  

  

  To 
  the 
  Board 
  of 
  Regents 
  of 
  the 
  Smithsonian 
  Institution: 
  

  

  Gentlemen: 
  I 
  have 
  the 
  honor 
  to 
  submit 
  herewith 
  the 
  annual 
  

   report 
  of 
  the 
  activities 
  and 
  condition 
  of 
  the 
  Smithsonian 
  Institution 
  

   and 
  its 
  branches 
  during 
  the 
  year 
  ending 
  June 
  30, 
  1922. 
  The 
  affairs 
  

   of 
  the 
  Institution 
  proper 
  (together 
  with 
  brief 
  summaries 
  of 
  the 
  

   operations 
  of 
  the 
  various 
  branches) 
  are 
  given 
  on 
  pages 
  1 
  to 
  25 
  

   of 
  this 
  report, 
  and 
  the 
  appendixes 
  contain 
  somewhat 
  detailed 
  

   accounts 
  of 
  the 
  year's 
  work, 
  written 
  by 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  each 
  of 
  the 
  

   branches. 
  These 
  include 
  reports 
  on 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  National 
  

   Museum, 
  the 
  National 
  Gallery 
  of 
  Art, 
  the 
  Freer 
  Gallery 
  of 
  Art, 
  

   the 
  Bureau 
  of 
  American 
  Ethnology, 
  the 
  International 
  Exchanges, 
  

   the 
  National 
  Zoological 
  Park, 
  the 
  Astrophysical 
  Observatory, 
  the 
  

   United 
  States 
  Regional 
  Bureau 
  of 
  the 
  International 
  Catalogue 
  of 
  

   Scientific 
  Literature, 
  the 
  Smithsonian 
  Library, 
  and 
  the 
  publica- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  the 
  Institution 
  and 
  its 
  branches. 
  

  

  THE 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION. 
  

  

  THE 
  ESTABLISHMENT. 
  

  

  The 
  Smithsonian 
  Institution 
  was 
  created 
  by 
  act 
  of 
  Congress 
  in 
  

   1846, 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  terms 
  of 
  the 
  will 
  of 
  James 
  Smithson, 
  of 
  

   England, 
  who 
  in 
  1826 
  bequeathed 
  his 
  property 
  to 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  

   of 
  America 
  " 
  to 
  found 
  at 
  Washington, 
  under 
  the 
  name 
  of 
  the 
  Smith- 
  

   sonian 
  Institution, 
  an 
  establishment 
  for 
  the 
  increase 
  and 
  diffusion 
  

   of 
  knowledge 
  among 
  men." 
  In 
  receiving 
  the 
  property 
  and 
  accept- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  trust 
  Congress 
  determined 
  that 
  the 
  Federal 
  Government 
  was 
  

   without 
  authority 
  to 
  administer 
  the 
  trust 
  directly, 
  and 
  therefore 
  

   constituted 
  an 
  " 
  establishment 
  " 
  whose 
  statutory 
  members 
  are 
  " 
  the 
  

   President, 
  the 
  Vice 
  President, 
  the 
  Chief 
  Justice, 
  and 
  the 
  heads 
  of 
  the 
  

   executive 
  departments." 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  