﻿IDOLS 
  IN 
  HOPI 
  WORSHIP 
  — 
  FEWKES. 
  379 
  

  

  shrines. 
  In 
  the 
  New 
  Fire 
  ceremony 
  it 
  is 
  carried 
  up 
  the 
  mesa 
  and 
  

   placed 
  on 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  different 
  kivas 
  to 
  receive 
  the 
  prayers 
  of 
  the 
  

   faithful. 
  The 
  late 
  excavations 
  on 
  the 
  Mesa 
  Verde 
  National 
  Park 
  

   have 
  revealed 
  several 
  shrines 
  and 
  idols. 
  Three 
  shrines 
  have 
  been 
  

   discovered 
  outside 
  a 
  ruin 
  in 
  the 
  Mummy 
  Lake 
  cluster 
  of 
  mounds. 
  

   One 
  of 
  these, 
  at 
  a 
  ruin 
  called 
  Pipe 
  Shrine 
  House, 
  3 
  is 
  attached 
  to 
  the 
  

   outer 
  northeast 
  corner 
  of 
  the 
  ruin, 
  another 
  is 
  situated 
  a 
  few 
  feet 
  

   south 
  of 
  the 
  south 
  wall, 
  while 
  a 
  third 
  lies 
  in 
  the 
  cedar 
  forest 
  some 
  

   distance 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  ruin. 
  The 
  shrine 
  on 
  the 
  northeast 
  corner 
  con- 
  

   tained 
  a 
  slab 
  of 
  stone 
  on 
  which 
  a 
  circle 
  was 
  cut 
  like 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  Zufii 
  

   Sun 
  shrine. 
  In 
  the 
  south 
  shrine 
  there 
  stood 
  a 
  mountain 
  lion 
  idol 
  

   surrounded 
  by 
  many 
  waterworn 
  stones. 
  In 
  the 
  Sun 
  shrine 
  there 
  

   were 
  many 
  waterworn 
  stones, 
  a 
  meteorite, 
  and 
  numerous 
  other 
  objects. 
  

  

  When 
  one 
  enters 
  a 
  Hopi 
  house 
  where 
  there 
  are 
  children 
  one's 
  

   attention 
  may 
  be 
  attracted 
  by 
  bright-colored 
  images 
  carved 
  out 
  of 
  

   wood 
  hanging 
  from 
  the 
  rafters 
  of 
  the 
  dwelling. 
  It 
  was 
  said 
  by 
  

   Bourke 
  that 
  these 
  objects, 
  after 
  having 
  done 
  duty 
  as 
  idols, 
  were 
  used 
  

   as 
  dolls; 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  now 
  known, 
  as 
  elsewhere 
  pointed 
  out, 
  that 
  they 
  

   were 
  made 
  for 
  dolls 
  and 
  presented 
  to 
  the 
  little 
  girls 
  at 
  the 
  great 
  

   spring 
  festival 
  called 
  the 
  Powamu. 
  They 
  are, 
  however, 
  made 
  and 
  

   decorated 
  with 
  symbolic 
  designs 
  to 
  represent 
  the 
  different 
  clan 
  

   ancients 
  or 
  Katcinas, 
  and 
  now 
  they 
  serve 
  to 
  indicate 
  the 
  distinctive 
  

   symbolism 
  of 
  these 
  beings 
  as 
  elsewhere 
  4 
  pointed 
  out 
  in 
  an 
  account 
  

   of 
  some 
  of 
  their 
  more 
  common 
  forms. 
  

  

  The 
  Hopi 
  idols 
  are 
  distinguished 
  from 
  fetishes 
  or 
  small 
  stone 
  

   figurines 
  of 
  animals 
  so 
  common 
  in 
  former 
  years. 
  These 
  fetishes 
  

   appear 
  to 
  be 
  more 
  abundant 
  at 
  the 
  New 
  Mexican 
  pueblo, 
  Zufii, 
  and 
  

   are 
  rarely 
  found 
  among 
  the 
  Hopi, 
  where 
  the 
  priesthood 
  of 
  the 
  Bow 
  

   or 
  Warrior 
  fraternity 
  is 
  less 
  powerful. 
  It 
  is 
  difficult 
  always 
  to 
  

   determine 
  a 
  line 
  of 
  demarcation 
  between 
  idols 
  and 
  fetishes, 
  but 
  the 
  

   former 
  are 
  generally 
  larger 
  than 
  the 
  latter 
  and 
  have 
  animal 
  or 
  

   human 
  forms, 
  being 
  rather 
  family 
  than 
  personal 
  images 
  and 
  more 
  

   racial 
  in 
  character. 
  

  

  Many 
  of 
  the 
  idols 
  have 
  anthropomorphic 
  and 
  zoomorphic 
  forms 
  

   among 
  the 
  Hopi. 
  They 
  commonly 
  have 
  a 
  string 
  tied 
  about 
  their 
  

   necks, 
  to 
  which 
  are 
  attached 
  feathers 
  or 
  personal 
  prayer 
  offerings. 
  

   These 
  objective 
  prayers 
  or 
  symbolic 
  wishes 
  for 
  blessings 
  are 
  espe- 
  

   cially 
  common 
  at 
  the 
  winter 
  solstice 
  ceremony. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  reason 
  to 
  believe 
  that 
  in 
  old 
  times 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  stone 
  idols 
  

   among 
  the 
  Hopi 
  was 
  very 
  general 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  older 
  the 
  idol 
  the 
  

  

  3 
  The 
  kiva 
  of 
  this 
  ruin 
  has 
  a 
  shrine 
  which 
  served 
  also 
  as 
  a 
  fireplace, 
  marked 
  out 
  on 
  its 
  

   floor, 
  but 
  no 
  idol 
  was 
  found 
  in 
  it. 
  See 
  Explorations 
  and 
  Field 
  Work 
  of 
  the 
  Smithsonian 
  

   Institution 
  in 
  1922, 
  Smithsonian 
  Misc. 
  Coll., 
  vol. 
  74, 
  no. 
  5, 
  1923. 
  

  

  ' 
  Vide 
  " 
  Dolls 
  of 
  the 
  Tusayan 
  Indians," 
  International 
  Archiv., 
  1893. 
  Of 
  late 
  years 
  

   there 
  has 
  been 
  a 
  considerable 
  activity 
  in 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  Hopi 
  dolls, 
  stimulated 
  in 
  

   part 
  by 
  commercial 
  considerations, 
  so 
  that 
  many 
  more 
  kinds 
  are 
  now 
  made 
  than 
  formerly. 
  

   The 
  work 
  quoted 
  contains 
  only 
  a 
  fraction 
  of 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  different 
  kinds 
  of 
  dolls 
  made 
  

   as 
  early 
  as 
  1890. 
  

  

  