﻿IDOLS 
  IN 
  HOPI 
  WORSHIP 
  — 
  FEWKES. 
  391 
  

  

  Through 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  is 
  a 
  stick, 
  called 
  the 
  backbone, 
  by 
  

   which 
  the 
  effigy 
  is 
  manipulated. 
  This 
  effigy 
  is 
  regarded 
  by 
  the 
  

   priests 
  in 
  much 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  as 
  a 
  stone 
  idol, 
  prayers 
  being 
  offered 
  

   to 
  it 
  with 
  sacred 
  meal 
  in 
  a 
  similar 
  way. 
  

  

  The 
  Hano 
  priests, 
  however, 
  in 
  their 
  winter 
  solstice 
  rite 
  make 
  each 
  

   year 
  a 
  clay 
  idol 
  of 
  the 
  Plumed 
  Serpent, 
  Avanyu, 
  1 
  * 
  which 
  is 
  laid 
  on 
  

   the 
  floor 
  back 
  of 
  their 
  altar. 
  A 
  somewhat 
  similar 
  idol 
  of 
  stone 
  

   (pi. 
  2, 
  fig. 
  4; 
  pi. 
  4, 
  fig. 
  3; 
  and 
  text 
  fig. 
  1), 
  found 
  at 
  the 
  Pipe 
  Shrine 
  

   House, 
  Mesa 
  Verde, 
  was 
  probably 
  the 
  recipient 
  of 
  prayers 
  in 
  the 
  

   same 
  way 
  as 
  the 
  clay 
  images 
  of 
  the 
  Hano 
  Winter 
  Solstice 
  altar 
  and 
  

   the 
  effigy 
  idol 
  of 
  the 
  Walpi 
  or 
  Hopi 
  variant. 
  

  

  Unworked 
  stones 
  of 
  rare 
  forms, 
  fossils, 
  or 
  stones 
  eroded 
  by 
  water, 
  

   may 
  also 
  serve 
  as 
  idols, 
  and 
  we 
  find 
  them 
  treated 
  as 
  such 
  ; 
  for 
  instance, 
  

   a 
  fossil 
  log 
  in 
  a 
  shrine 
  near 
  Walpi 
  is 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  New 
  Fire 
  ceremony. 
  

   The 
  author 
  found 
  many 
  and 
  various 
  waterworn 
  stones, 
  crystals, 
  and 
  

   Tertiary 
  fossil 
  shells 
  in 
  the 
  shrines 
  of 
  Pipe 
  Shrine 
  House. 
  There 
  

   exists 
  a 
  rich 
  chapter 
  of 
  folklore 
  regarding 
  the 
  efficacy 
  of 
  strangely 
  

   formed 
  stones 
  among 
  the 
  Hopi, 
  which 
  is 
  not 
  here 
  considered 
  lest 
  it 
  

   would 
  swell 
  this 
  article 
  to 
  undue 
  proportions. 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  widely 
  known 
  of 
  all 
  Hopi 
  ceremonies 
  is 
  that 
  called 
  the 
  

   Snake 
  Dance, 
  in 
  which 
  there 
  are 
  two 
  altars. 
  Neither 
  of 
  these 
  has 
  

   an 
  anthropomorphic 
  idol 
  representing 
  the 
  cultus 
  hero 
  and 
  heroine 
  of 
  

   the 
  Snake-Antelope, 
  but 
  at 
  the 
  Antelope 
  altar 
  these 
  ancestral 
  super- 
  

   naturals 
  are 
  personated 
  by 
  a 
  boy 
  and 
  girl 
  who 
  stand 
  back 
  of 
  the 
  

   altar, 
  as 
  shown 
  in 
  plate 
  6. 
  On 
  the 
  rear 
  border 
  of 
  the 
  sand 
  picture 
  

   that 
  forms 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  this 
  altar 
  are 
  a 
  mountain 
  lion 
  fetish 
  

   and 
  several 
  stone 
  images 
  of 
  animals. 
  

  

  The 
  related 
  Flute 
  ceremony 
  has 
  its 
  altar 
  idols 
  (pi. 
  5) 
  representing 
  

   the 
  Flute 
  Hero 
  and 
  Heroine 
  carved 
  out 
  of 
  wood. 
  In 
  the 
  march 
  from 
  

   the 
  Sun 
  Spring 
  to 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  mesa 
  they 
  are 
  represented 
  by 
  a 
  

   boy 
  and 
  two 
  girls 
  appareled 
  like 
  the 
  Snake 
  Maid 
  and 
  Antelope 
  

   Youth 
  of 
  the 
  Antelope 
  altar 
  (pi. 
  6). 
  

  

  Cultus 
  heroes 
  and 
  heroines 
  are 
  represented 
  by 
  wooden 
  idols 
  in 
  the 
  

   altars 
  of 
  the 
  three 
  great 
  basket 
  and 
  tablet 
  dances, 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  Lala- 
  

   konti, 
  Mamzrauti, 
  and 
  Owakiilti. 
  They 
  are 
  well 
  fashioned 
  and 
  sug- 
  

   gest 
  recent 
  manufacture, 
  or 
  later 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  stone 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  

   more 
  archaic 
  New 
  Fire 
  and 
  Winter 
  Solstice 
  ceremonies. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  accompanying 
  illustration 
  (pi. 
  6) 
  the 
  Antelope 
  priests 
  are 
  rep- 
  

   resented 
  as 
  seated 
  around 
  the 
  Antelope 
  altar 
  in 
  a 
  secret 
  consecration 
  

   of 
  prayer 
  sticks 
  of 
  the 
  celebrated 
  Snake 
  Dance 
  at 
  Walpi. 
  Although 
  

   many 
  hundred 
  white 
  people 
  have 
  witnessed 
  the 
  open 
  Snake 
  Dance, 
  

   thus 
  far 
  only 
  a 
  very 
  few 
  have 
  been 
  admitted 
  to 
  the 
  rites 
  that 
  take 
  

  

  14 
  A 
  description 
  of 
  this 
  idol 
  may 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  Hopi 
  Minor 
  Ceremonials, 
  Amer. 
  Arth., 
  

   Vol. 
  IV, 
  n. 
  s. 
  

  

  