﻿OLD 
  WORLD 
  ARCHEOLOGY 
  — 
  CASANOWICZ. 
  435 
  

  

  or 
  convex, 
  the 
  other 
  straight, 
  assuming 
  a 
  lunate 
  form. 
  Some 
  are 
  

   rudely 
  chipped 
  on 
  both 
  edges, 
  others 
  on 
  one 
  edge 
  only. 
  They 
  were 
  

   found 
  on 
  the 
  surface, 
  around 
  shallow 
  pits 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  chert 
  had 
  

   been 
  extracted. 
  Many 
  of 
  them 
  have 
  been 
  broken 
  in 
  the 
  manufacture, 
  

   and 
  the 
  two 
  fragments 
  have 
  often 
  been 
  exposed 
  to 
  the 
  weather 
  and 
  

   the 
  rays 
  of 
  the 
  sun 
  on 
  opposite 
  faces, 
  so 
  that 
  when 
  joined 
  together 
  

   they 
  show 
  different 
  degrees 
  of 
  patination. 
  Then 
  flake 
  tools, 
  celts, 
  

   chisels, 
  gravers, 
  Mousterian 
  scrapers 
  and 
  points, 
  side 
  scrapers, 
  

   gravers, 
  shouldered 
  knives, 
  sickles 
  and 
  saws, 
  arrowheads, 
  spearheads, 
  

   crescent-shaped 
  implements, 
  etc. 
  

  

  ALGIERS. 
  

  

  From 
  Algiers 
  in 
  North 
  Africa 
  there 
  are 
  only 
  a 
  few 
  flakes 
  and 
  

   cores, 
  shell 
  beads, 
  fragments 
  of 
  bones 
  and 
  of 
  pottery. 
  

  

  SOMALILAND. 
  

  

  The 
  collection 
  from 
  Somaliland 
  in 
  East 
  Africa 
  comprises 
  chipped 
  

   celts, 
  scrapers, 
  points, 
  knives, 
  etc., 
  of 
  quartzite. 
  The 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  

   larger 
  implements 
  is 
  very 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  those 
  from 
  the 
  river 
  

   gravels 
  of 
  Europe 
  (The 
  Chellean 
  and 
  Acheulean 
  hand-axes 
  or 
  bou- 
  

   chers), 
  while 
  the 
  smaller 
  implements, 
  mostly 
  points, 
  resemble 
  the 
  

   Mousterian 
  equivalents. 
  

  

  SOUTH 
  AFRICA. 
  

  

  The 
  collection 
  from 
  South 
  Africa 
  (Cape 
  Colony 
  and 
  Transvaal) 
  

   consists 
  of 
  a 
  variety 
  of 
  flake 
  tools, 
  celts 
  of 
  the 
  Acheulean 
  type, 
  dig- 
  

   ging 
  and 
  rubbing 
  stones, 
  pottery 
  fragments, 
  and 
  human 
  bones. 
  

  

  Australasia. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  generally 
  assumed 
  that 
  man 
  came 
  at 
  a 
  very 
  early 
  time 
  to 
  

   Australia. 
  The 
  original 
  inhabitants 
  known 
  to 
  history 
  were 
  related 
  

   to 
  the 
  Melanesians, 
  as 
  also 
  to 
  the 
  Negritos 
  of 
  the 
  Andaman, 
  Moluccas, 
  

   and 
  Philippine 
  Islands. 
  The 
  now 
  extinct 
  Tasmanians 
  represented 
  

   the 
  last 
  remnant 
  of 
  these 
  primitive 
  aborigines. 
  The 
  present 
  Aus- 
  

   tralian 
  natives 
  came 
  later 
  and 
  drove 
  out 
  the 
  aborigines 
  to 
  the 
  adja- 
  

   cent 
  islands. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  first 
  arrival 
  of 
  white 
  men 
  in 
  Australia, 
  in 
  1788, 
  when 
  they 
  

   established 
  in 
  the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  Port 
  Jackson 
  a 
  penal 
  colony, 
  the 
  

   natives 
  were 
  estimated 
  to 
  number 
  150,000. 
  In 
  1891 
  they 
  had 
  

   dwindled 
  to 
  30,000. 
  They 
  usually 
  live 
  in 
  hordes 
  not 
  exceeding 
  a 
  

   hundred 
  members. 
  Occasionally 
  these 
  hordes 
  coalesce 
  into 
  tribes. 
  

   When 
  left 
  to 
  themselves 
  they 
  continue 
  to 
  live 
  in 
  the 
  Stone 
  Age. 
  

   Their 
  principal 
  occupation 
  is 
  hunting. 
  Their 
  implements 
  consist 
  of 
  

   stone 
  axes, 
  knives, 
  scrapers, 
  chisels, 
  and 
  saws, 
  all 
  roughly 
  made 
  and 
  

  

  