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  ANNUAL, 
  REPORT 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  1922. 
  

  

  THE 
  ARCHEOLOGICAL 
  COLLECTION 
  OF 
  HISTORIC 
  TIMES. 
  

  

  (For 
  a 
  more 
  detailed 
  description 
  of 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  important 
  specimens 
  see 
  the 
  

   section 
  "Guide 
  to 
  the 
  Collections 
  of 
  Old 
  World 
  Archeology"). 
  

  

  EGYPTIAN 
  ANTIQUITIES. 
  

  

  The 
  remains 
  of 
  ancient 
  Egypt 
  are 
  chiefly 
  of 
  a 
  sepulchral 
  char- 
  

   acter. 
  The 
  collection 
  in 
  the 
  National 
  Museum 
  includes 
  a 
  human 
  

   mummy 
  and 
  several 
  mummified 
  animals. 
  Several 
  coffins, 
  funerary 
  

   boxes 
  and 
  cones, 
  a 
  considerable 
  number 
  of 
  ushabti 
  figurines, 
  a 
  set 
  of 
  

   Canopic 
  vases, 
  a 
  Greco-Egyptian 
  painting, 
  Greco-Egyptian 
  inscribed 
  

   papyri, 
  a 
  collection 
  of 
  mummy 
  cloth, 
  necklaces, 
  scarabs, 
  amulets, 
  

   potteiy 
  ranging 
  from 
  the 
  predynastic 
  times 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  Greco- 
  

   Roman 
  period. 
  The 
  later 
  Christian 
  period 
  is 
  represented 
  by 
  a 
  col- 
  

   lection 
  of 
  Coptic 
  cloth. 
  Of 
  sculpture 
  there 
  are 
  an 
  original 
  stone 
  

   sphinx 
  and 
  casts 
  of 
  statues 
  and 
  busts 
  of 
  the 
  chief 
  divinities 
  and 
  

   the 
  great 
  historic 
  rulers, 
  besides 
  reliefs. 
  Facsimiles 
  of 
  the 
  Book 
  

   of 
  the 
  Dead, 
  casts 
  of 
  the 
  Rosetta 
  and 
  Canopus 
  Stones, 
  squeezes 
  

   from 
  the 
  tomb 
  of 
  Taia, 
  etc. 
  

  

  BABYLONIAN 
  AND 
  ASSYKIAN 
  ANTIQUITIES. 
  

  

  They 
  consist 
  mainly 
  of 
  casts 
  of 
  sculptures 
  including 
  the 
  Code 
  of 
  

   Hammurabi, 
  the 
  torsos 
  of 
  Gudea, 
  a 
  stele 
  of 
  Sargon, 
  human-headed 
  

   winged 
  lion 
  and 
  bull, 
  the 
  black 
  obelisk 
  of 
  Shalmaneser 
  II, 
  a 
  boundary 
  

   stone, 
  besides 
  many 
  reliefs 
  representing 
  genii 
  before 
  the 
  sacred 
  tree 
  

   or 
  tree 
  of 
  life, 
  hunting 
  and 
  war 
  scenes, 
  and 
  a 
  collection 
  of 
  seals. 
  

  

  HITTITE 
  SCULPTURES. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Bible 
  the 
  Hittites 
  are 
  derived 
  from 
  Heth, 
  son 
  of 
  Canaan, 
  

   the 
  son 
  of 
  Ham 
  (Genesis 
  x, 
  15). 
  They 
  are 
  described 
  as 
  an 
  important 
  

   tribe 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  of 
  Hebron 
  (Genesis 
  xxiii, 
  2), 
  and 
  are 
  often 
  men- 
  

   tioned 
  as 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  seven 
  principal 
  Canaanitish 
  tribes, 
  and 
  some- 
  

   times 
  as 
  comprising 
  the 
  whole 
  Canaanitish 
  population 
  (Joshua 
  i, 
  4). 
  

   From 
  Abraham 
  (Genesis 
  xxiii) 
  to 
  Solomon 
  the 
  Hittites 
  came 
  more 
  

   or 
  less 
  in 
  contact 
  with 
  Israel. 
  Numbers 
  of 
  them 
  remained 
  with 
  the 
  

   Jews 
  even 
  as 
  late 
  as 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  Ezra 
  and 
  Nehemiah 
  (Ezra 
  ix, 
  1). 
  

   Hittite 
  kings 
  are 
  mentioned 
  as 
  living 
  north 
  of 
  Palestine 
  (I 
  Kings 
  x, 
  

   29; 
  II 
  Kings 
  vii, 
  6), 
  and 
  some 
  writers 
  call 
  them 
  Syrian 
  Hittites 
  to 
  

   distinguish 
  them 
  from 
  the 
  Canaanite 
  tribe. 
  Recently 
  the 
  Hittites 
  

   have 
  been 
  identified 
  with 
  the 
  Kheta 
  of 
  the 
  Egyptian 
  and 
  Khatti 
  of 
  

   the 
  Assyrian 
  monuments. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  inscriptions 
  on 
  these 
  monuments 
  it 
  is 
  gathered 
  that 
  this 
  

   people 
  at 
  an 
  early 
  period 
  were 
  a 
  mighty 
  power, 
  ruling 
  for 
  a 
  time 
  

   the 
  territory 
  from 
  the 
  Euphrates 
  to 
  the 
  JEgean, 
  and 
  being 
  a 
  rival 
  of 
  

   Egypt 
  and 
  Assyria. 
  

  

  