﻿OLD 
  WORLD 
  ARCHEOLOGY 
  — 
  CASANOWICZ. 
  441 
  

  

  About 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  the 
  eighth 
  century, 
  B. 
  C, 
  the 
  " 
  orientalizing 
  " 
  

   style 
  came 
  into 
  vogue, 
  characterized 
  by 
  an 
  ornamentation 
  in 
  bands 
  

   or 
  zones, 
  recalling 
  that 
  of 
  Oriental 
  carpets. 
  The 
  vases 
  so 
  treated 
  are 
  

   called 
  " 
  Corinthian." 
  The 
  ground 
  is 
  light 
  yellow 
  or 
  cream 
  colored 
  ; 
  

   the 
  conventionalized 
  figures 
  between 
  the 
  bands 
  are 
  reddish-brown, 
  

   heightened 
  with 
  white, 
  black, 
  and 
  violet; 
  flowers, 
  leaves, 
  and 
  

   rosettes 
  are 
  scattered 
  over 
  the 
  ground. 
  

  

  The 
  height 
  of 
  development 
  was 
  reached 
  in 
  the 
  sixth 
  and 
  fifth 
  cen- 
  

   turies 
  B. 
  C, 
  in 
  the 
  vases 
  produced 
  in 
  Attica, 
  Greece. 
  According 
  

   to 
  the 
  disposition 
  of 
  the 
  colors, 
  two 
  styles 
  were 
  distinguished 
  in 
  the 
  

   painting 
  of 
  the 
  potteries 
  of 
  this 
  period 
  — 
  the 
  " 
  black-figured 
  " 
  and 
  

   the 
  " 
  red-figured 
  " 
  style. 
  In 
  the 
  former, 
  which 
  lasted 
  till 
  about 
  the 
  

   year 
  500 
  B. 
  C, 
  the 
  designs 
  were 
  (silhouettelike) 
  on 
  red 
  ground; 
  in 
  

   the 
  latter 
  the 
  design 
  stood 
  out 
  in 
  red 
  color 
  against 
  the 
  black 
  glaze 
  

   which 
  covered 
  the 
  remaining 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  vase. 
  These 
  two 
  kinds 
  

   of 
  vases 
  are 
  sometimes 
  called 
  " 
  Etruscan 
  " 
  because 
  great 
  numbers 
  of 
  

   them 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  tombs 
  of 
  Etruria, 
  but 
  it 
  seems 
  certain 
  

   that 
  nearly 
  all 
  of 
  them 
  were 
  made 
  in 
  Greece, 
  at 
  least 
  in 
  the 
  fifth 
  cen- 
  

   tury, 
  and 
  that 
  all 
  the 
  finer 
  vases 
  discovered 
  in 
  Etruria 
  are 
  of 
  

   Athenian 
  origin. 
  

  

  The 
  subjects 
  depicted 
  on 
  the 
  vases 
  illustrate 
  Greek 
  life 
  in 
  all 
  

   its 
  aspects: 
  Myths 
  of 
  the 
  gods, 
  story 
  and 
  legend, 
  the 
  school 
  and 
  

   gymnasium, 
  the 
  stage 
  and 
  many 
  scenes 
  from 
  everyday 
  life. 
  The 
  

   chief 
  forms 
  of 
  the 
  vases 
  are: 
  Amphora, 
  so 
  called 
  from 
  its 
  two 
  

   handles, 
  used 
  to 
  hold 
  liquids 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  grain, 
  and 
  always 
  egg- 
  

   shaped 
  in 
  form; 
  pelike, 
  a 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  amphora, 
  in 
  which 
  

   the 
  foot 
  is 
  done 
  away 
  with 
  and 
  the 
  body 
  swells 
  out 
  from 
  the 
  han- 
  

   dles 
  downward; 
  crater 
  ("mixer"), 
  used 
  for 
  mixing 
  water 
  with 
  

   wine 
  before 
  serving 
  it 
  in 
  cups 
  to 
  guests 
  at 
  banquets; 
  oenochoe 
  

   ("wine 
  pourer"), 
  used 
  for 
  dipping 
  the 
  wine 
  from 
  the 
  crater 
  and 
  

   pouring 
  it 
  into 
  goblets, 
  also 
  for 
  pouring 
  water 
  on 
  the 
  hands 
  of 
  

   guests 
  at 
  banquets 
  and 
  for 
  libations 
  to 
  the 
  gods; 
  kylix 
  (chalice), 
  

   the 
  favorite 
  drinking 
  cup 
  at 
  banquets; 
  hydria 
  (water 
  jar), 
  used 
  

   almost 
  exclusively 
  for 
  carrying 
  water, 
  and 
  provided 
  with 
  three 
  

   handles 
  — 
  a 
  large 
  one 
  at 
  the 
  back 
  for 
  carrying 
  when 
  empty 
  and 
  two 
  

   smaller 
  ones 
  at 
  the 
  sides 
  for 
  carrying 
  when 
  full 
  ; 
  skyphus, 
  originally 
  

   a 
  wooden 
  bowl 
  used 
  by 
  the 
  peasantry 
  for 
  milking, 
  later 
  made 
  in 
  

   metal 
  and 
  clay 
  and 
  used 
  as 
  a 
  drinking 
  cup, 
  and 
  sacred 
  to 
  Herakles 
  

   (Hercules); 
  aryballus, 
  an 
  oil 
  flask 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  bath; 
  alabastron, 
  

   so 
  called 
  from 
  the 
  material 
  of 
  which 
  it 
  was 
  originally 
  made, 
  gen- 
  

   erally 
  used 
  for 
  ointments 
  and 
  perfumes 
  in 
  the 
  toilet, 
  but 
  some- 
  

   times 
  also 
  for 
  funeral 
  purposes. 
  Both 
  the 
  aryballus 
  and 
  the 
  alabas- 
  

   tron 
  have 
  a 
  flat 
  top 
  with 
  small 
  orifice, 
  and 
  a 
  globular 
  or 
  cylindri- 
  

  

  