﻿450 
  ANNUAL, 
  REPORT 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  1922. 
  

  

  resented. 
  In 
  854 
  B. 
  C. 
  Shalmaneser 
  defeated 
  the 
  confederacy 
  of 
  the 
  

   Syrian 
  kings, 
  among 
  whom 
  were 
  Benhadad 
  of 
  Damascus 
  and 
  Ahab 
  

   of 
  Israel, 
  and 
  in 
  842 
  B. 
  C, 
  after 
  the 
  siege 
  of 
  Damascus, 
  received 
  the 
  

   tribute 
  of 
  Jehu, 
  King 
  of 
  Israel 
  (figured 
  and 
  described 
  in 
  the 
  second 
  

   row). 
  This 
  monument 
  thus 
  supplemented 
  the 
  Biblical 
  narrative, 
  

   since 
  the 
  participation 
  of 
  Ahab 
  in 
  the 
  Syrian 
  league 
  and 
  the 
  pay- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  tribute 
  to 
  Shalmaneser 
  by 
  Jehu 
  are 
  not 
  recorded 
  in 
  the 
  

   Bible. 
  This 
  King 
  is 
  not 
  to 
  be 
  confounded 
  with 
  Shalmaneser 
  IV, 
  

   727-722 
  B. 
  C, 
  who 
  is 
  mentioned 
  in 
  II 
  Kings 
  xviii, 
  9, 
  in 
  connection 
  

   with 
  the 
  conquest 
  of 
  Samaria 
  (pi. 
  8). 
  

  

  7. 
  In 
  the 
  center, 
  on 
  the 
  floor, 
  an 
  ancient 
  Roman 
  mosaic, 
  which 
  

   formed 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  floor 
  of 
  the 
  temple 
  of 
  Astarte, 
  erected 
  by 
  the 
  

   Romans 
  at 
  Carthage 
  in 
  the 
  first 
  century 
  B. 
  C., 
  representing 
  a 
  lion 
  

   attacking 
  a 
  wild 
  ass. 
  The 
  original 
  design, 
  which 
  was 
  very 
  large, 
  is 
  

   supposed 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  formed 
  of 
  a 
  central 
  mosaic, 
  representing 
  the 
  

   goddess 
  Astarte 
  driving 
  a 
  chariot 
  drawn 
  by 
  stags, 
  and 
  surmounted 
  

   by 
  others, 
  depicting 
  a 
  great 
  variety 
  of 
  animals. 
  The 
  fragment 
  

   measures 
  6 
  feet 
  2 
  inches 
  by 
  7 
  feet 
  10 
  inches 
  wide 
  (pi. 
  9). 
  

  

  8. 
  Statue 
  of 
  Chefren. 
  The 
  original 
  of 
  dark 
  green 
  basalt, 
  which 
  

   is 
  now 
  in 
  the 
  Museum 
  of 
  Cairo, 
  Egypt, 
  was 
  discovered 
  by 
  Mariette 
  

   in 
  a 
  temple 
  not 
  far 
  from 
  the 
  great 
  sphinx. 
  

  

  Chefren 
  (Egyptian, 
  Chafra), 
  third 
  king 
  of 
  the 
  fourth 
  dynasty 
  

   (beginning 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  millennium 
  B. 
  C), 
  is 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  builder 
  

   of 
  the 
  second 
  largest 
  pyramid 
  of 
  Gizeh. 
  According 
  to 
  the 
  Egyptian 
  

   records 
  he 
  reigned 
  56 
  years. 
  The 
  King 
  is 
  represented 
  in 
  the 
  con- 
  

   ventional 
  attitude 
  of 
  seated 
  figures; 
  the 
  headdress 
  and 
  the 
  throne 
  

   alone 
  show 
  that 
  the 
  figure 
  represents 
  a 
  Pharaoh. 
  The 
  face 
  is 
  evi- 
  

   dently 
  a 
  portrait 
  (pi. 
  10). 
  

  

  9. 
  Statue 
  of 
  Queen 
  Amenerdas. 
  The 
  original 
  of 
  alabaster 
  is 
  in 
  

   the 
  Museum 
  of 
  Cairo, 
  Egypt. 
  The 
  statue 
  is 
  of 
  the 
  twenty-fourth 
  

   dynasty, 
  about 
  720 
  B. 
  C, 
  and 
  is 
  the 
  last 
  good 
  specimen 
  of 
  Egyptian 
  

   art. 
  The 
  face 
  is 
  a 
  portrait. 
  The 
  dress 
  is 
  that 
  of 
  an 
  Egyptian 
  wo- 
  

   man. 
  The 
  headdress 
  is 
  the 
  vulture 
  bonnet 
  worn 
  by 
  queens. 
  In 
  

   one 
  hand 
  is 
  a 
  lash, 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  insignia 
  of 
  royalty, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  other 
  

   a 
  sort 
  of 
  purse. 
  

  

  Amenerdas 
  was 
  the 
  sister 
  of 
  So 
  or 
  Sabaco, 
  mentioned 
  in 
  II 
  Kings 
  

   xvii, 
  4. 
  While 
  her 
  brother 
  was 
  still 
  alive 
  she 
  was 
  made 
  queen 
  of 
  

   Egypt. 
  After 
  his 
  death 
  she 
  married 
  an 
  obscure 
  king, 
  Piankhi 
  II. 
  

  

  The 
  inscription 
  of 
  the 
  figure 
  reads 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  beloved 
  of 
  Osiris, 
  the 
  

   lord 
  of 
  life, 
  the 
  great 
  god; 
  Mut-ha-nefru, 
  the 
  wife 
  of 
  the 
  god 
  (the 
  

   king) 
  ; 
  Amenerdas, 
  the 
  daughter 
  of 
  the 
  god 
  (the 
  king)." 
  

  

  The 
  inscription 
  on 
  the 
  pedestal 
  reads 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  princess, 
  Mut-ha- 
  

   nefru, 
  living 
  forever; 
  the 
  royal 
  daughter, 
  Amenerdas, 
  beloved 
  of 
  

   Osiris" 
  (pi. 
  11). 
  ■ 
  

  

  