﻿472 
  ANNUAL 
  REPORT 
  SMITHSONIAN 
  INSTITUTION, 
  1922. 
  

  

  residence 
  of 
  the 
  Roman 
  Governors, 
  and 
  here 
  the 
  Jewish 
  war 
  against 
  

   Rome 
  broke 
  out. 
  

  

  Tetradrachm 
  of 
  Sidon. 
  Silver. 
  Obverse, 
  Head 
  of 
  the 
  city; 
  re- 
  

   verse, 
  "(Money 
  of 
  the 
  Sidonians) 
  Holy 
  and 
  inviolable," 
  with 
  the 
  

   figure 
  of 
  Astarte. 
  Sidon, 
  the 
  oldest 
  city 
  of 
  Phenicia, 
  is 
  often 
  men- 
  

   tioned 
  in 
  the 
  Bible 
  (Joshua, 
  xix, 
  28; 
  I 
  Kings 
  v, 
  6; 
  Acts 
  xxvii, 
  3). 
  

   It 
  is 
  at 
  present 
  represented 
  by 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  Saida, 
  with 
  about 
  15,000 
  

   inhabitants. 
  

  

  Tetradrachm 
  of 
  Tyre. 
  Silver. 
  Obverse, 
  Head 
  of 
  Hercules 
  as 
  

   Baal 
  (Lord) 
  of 
  the 
  city. 
  Tyre, 
  next 
  to 
  Sidon, 
  the 
  oldest 
  and 
  most 
  

   important 
  city 
  of 
  Phenicia, 
  is 
  often 
  referred 
  to 
  in 
  the 
  Bible. 
  During 
  

   the 
  period 
  of 
  David 
  and 
  Solomon 
  friendly 
  relations 
  were 
  entertained 
  

   between 
  Tyre 
  and 
  Israel 
  (I 
  Kings 
  v, 
  15 
  ff.). 
  The 
  coast 
  of 
  Tyre 
  

   was 
  visited 
  by 
  Christ 
  (Matt, 
  xv, 
  21; 
  Mark 
  vii, 
  24), 
  and 
  Paul 
  landed 
  

   at 
  Tyre 
  on 
  one 
  of 
  his 
  missionary 
  voyages 
  (Acts 
  xxi, 
  3). 
  The 
  mod- 
  

   ern 
  Qur 
  is 
  an 
  unimportant 
  town 
  with 
  about 
  5,000 
  inhabitants. 
  

  

  Coin 
  of 
  Ashkelon. 
  Bronze. 
  Struck 
  by 
  order 
  of 
  Emperor 
  Alexan- 
  

   der 
  Severus, 
  about 
  A. 
  D. 
  228. 
  Ascalon, 
  or 
  Ashkelon, 
  was 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  

   five 
  chief 
  cities 
  of 
  the 
  Philistines, 
  situated 
  30 
  miles 
  southwest 
  of 
  

   Jerusalem 
  (Joshua 
  xiii, 
  3; 
  I 
  Samuel 
  vi, 
  17). 
  It 
  was 
  the 
  center 
  

   of 
  the 
  worship 
  of 
  Derceto, 
  the 
  supposed 
  female 
  counterpart 
  of 
  

   Dagon 
  (Jud. 
  xvi, 
  23; 
  I 
  Sam. 
  v). 
  It 
  is 
  now 
  represented 
  by 
  the 
  

   village 
  of 
  Askalan. 
  

  

  Coins 
  of 
  the 
  City 
  of 
  Damascus. 
  Copper. 
  Damascus, 
  the 
  ancient 
  

   capital 
  of 
  Syria, 
  is 
  mentioned 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  Abraham 
  

   (Genesis 
  xiv, 
  15; 
  xv, 
  2). 
  Later 
  it 
  frequently 
  came 
  in 
  contact 
  with 
  

   Israel 
  (II 
  Sam. 
  viii, 
  6; 
  II 
  Kings 
  xvi, 
  9 
  f., 
  etc.). 
  In 
  the 
  New 
  

   Testament 
  it 
  is 
  especially 
  known 
  from 
  the 
  history 
  of 
  the 
  Apostle 
  

   Paul 
  (Acts 
  ix; 
  xxii, 
  6). 
  

  

  Tetradrachm 
  of 
  the 
  City 
  of 
  Babylon. 
  Silver. 
  Struck 
  by 
  Mazaios, 
  

   Governor 
  under 
  Alexander 
  the 
  Great, 
  331-328 
  B. 
  C. 
  

  

  Tetradrachm 
  of 
  Alexander 
  the 
  Great 
  (336-323 
  B. 
  C.)- 
  Obverse, 
  

   head 
  of 
  Alexander; 
  reverse, 
  Zeus 
  seated 
  holding 
  the 
  eagle. 
  Alex- 
  

   ander 
  the 
  Great 
  is 
  mentioned 
  in 
  I 
  Maccabees 
  vi, 
  2. 
  It 
  is 
  also 
  assumed 
  

   that 
  he 
  is 
  typified 
  under 
  the 
  emblem 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  he-goat 
  " 
  in 
  Daniel 
  viii, 
  

   5, 
  and 
  that 
  his 
  empire 
  is 
  meant 
  by 
  the 
  " 
  fourth 
  monarchy 
  " 
  depicted 
  

   in 
  Daniel 
  ii, 
  40 
  and 
  vii, 
  23 
  f. 
  

  

  Tetradrachm 
  of 
  Seleucus 
  I 
  Nicator, 
  King 
  of 
  Syria, 
  312-280 
  B. 
  C. 
  

   Silver. 
  Obverse, 
  Head 
  of 
  Seleucus 
  ; 
  reverse, 
  " 
  King 
  Seleucus," 
  with 
  

   figure 
  of 
  Jupiter. 
  The 
  city 
  of 
  Seleucia, 
  the 
  principal 
  port 
  of 
  

   Antioch, 
  from 
  which 
  Paul 
  and 
  Barnabas 
  set 
  out 
  for 
  Cyprus 
  (Acts 
  

   xiii, 
  4) 
  , 
  was 
  named 
  after 
  Seleucus 
  I. 
  

  

  Coin 
  of 
  Antiochus 
  III, 
  the 
  great, 
  King 
  of 
  Syria, 
  223-183 
  B. 
  C. 
  

   $ilver. 
  Obverse, 
  Head 
  of 
  the 
  King; 
  reverse, 
  "King 
  Antiochus," 
  

  

  