﻿NATIONAL 
  EFFORTS 
  AT 
  HOME 
  MAKING 
  — 
  NEWELL. 
  525 
  

  

  must 
  be 
  successfully 
  utilized 
  to 
  produce 
  the 
  desired 
  result, 
  namely 
  

   the 
  creation 
  of 
  prosperous 
  and 
  contented 
  homes. 
  

  

  Research. 
  — 
  The 
  thinking 
  people 
  of 
  the 
  country" 
  are 
  becoming 
  

   more 
  and 
  more 
  impressed 
  with 
  the 
  importance 
  of 
  thorough 
  investi- 
  

   gations 
  to 
  find 
  out 
  in 
  advance 
  of 
  large 
  action 
  whether 
  certain 
  as- 
  

   sumed 
  facts 
  are 
  true, 
  or 
  what 
  other 
  facts 
  should 
  be 
  learned 
  in 
  order 
  

   to 
  make 
  a 
  success 
  of 
  the 
  undertaking. 
  This 
  is 
  relatively 
  a 
  recent 
  

   attitude 
  on 
  the 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  public; 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  memory 
  of 
  men 
  now 
  

   living 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  recollection 
  of 
  the 
  extreme 
  difficulty 
  in 
  securing 
  

   popular 
  support 
  and 
  legislative 
  authority 
  for 
  any 
  kind 
  of 
  investi- 
  

   gation 
  of 
  national 
  resources 
  and 
  opportunities. 
  It 
  is 
  now 
  almost 
  

   impossible 
  to 
  realize 
  the 
  great 
  difficulties 
  encountered 
  by 
  pioneers 
  

   among 
  the 
  scientists 
  such 
  as 
  Maj. 
  John 
  Wesley 
  Powell, 
  in 
  his 
  efforts 
  

   to 
  induce 
  Congress 
  to 
  investigate 
  the 
  extent 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  waste 
  lands 
  

   of 
  the 
  country 
  might 
  be 
  utilized. 
  He 
  did 
  succeed, 
  however, 
  after 
  

   years 
  of 
  patient 
  perserverence, 
  and 
  in 
  1888 
  was 
  authorized 
  by 
  Con- 
  

   gress 
  to 
  begin 
  the 
  work 
  upon 
  which 
  has 
  been 
  founded 
  the 
  great 
  

   national 
  policy 
  of 
  reclamation 
  and 
  home-making. 
  Methods 
  of 
  

   measurement 
  of 
  streams 
  were 
  devised 
  under 
  him; 
  surveys 
  were 
  

   made 
  of 
  possible 
  reservoir 
  sites; 
  and 
  vast 
  quantities 
  of 
  data 
  were 
  

   acquired 
  concerning 
  the 
  mountain 
  masses 
  from 
  which 
  came 
  the 
  

   streams, 
  and 
  also 
  of 
  the 
  lower-lying 
  desert 
  lands 
  which 
  might 
  be 
  

   irrigated 
  by 
  conserving 
  and 
  distributing 
  the 
  erratic 
  floods 
  which 
  

   came 
  from 
  the 
  mountains 
  and 
  foothills. 
  This 
  was 
  the 
  first 
  great 
  

   step 
  of 
  research 
  in 
  this 
  line; 
  it 
  was 
  followed 
  by 
  the 
  more 
  mechanical 
  

   details 
  of 
  preparing 
  plans 
  and 
  specifications 
  for 
  works 
  to 
  fit 
  the 
  

   conditions 
  discovered 
  by 
  these 
  surveys 
  and 
  examinations. 
  

  

  Application 
  of 
  research. 
  — 
  The 
  facts 
  acquired 
  would 
  have 
  had 
  

   little 
  more 
  than 
  purely 
  scientific 
  value 
  and 
  the 
  investigations 
  of 
  

   lands 
  and 
  waters 
  would 
  probably 
  have 
  been 
  brought 
  to 
  an 
  early 
  con- 
  

   clusion 
  had 
  it 
  not 
  been 
  possible 
  to 
  secure 
  practical 
  application 
  of 
  

   the 
  results 
  to 
  the 
  needs 
  of 
  mankind 
  in 
  the 
  way 
  of 
  producing 
  oppor- 
  

   tunities 
  for 
  small 
  farms 
  and 
  homes. 
  

  

  This 
  practical 
  application 
  of 
  the 
  facts 
  obtained 
  from 
  research 
  was 
  

   due 
  largely 
  to 
  the 
  persistent 
  following 
  of 
  the 
  vision 
  of 
  human 
  and 
  

   national 
  needs 
  and 
  benefits 
  held 
  by 
  the 
  late 
  Francis 
  G. 
  Newlands 
  

   and 
  Theodore 
  Roosevelt. 
  Through 
  their 
  aid 
  and 
  that 
  of 
  other 
  far- 
  

   sighted 
  men 
  there 
  was 
  placed 
  on 
  the 
  statute 
  books 
  the 
  reclamation 
  

   act 
  of 
  June 
  17, 
  1902, 
  which 
  set 
  aside 
  funds 
  obtained 
  from 
  the 
  sale 
  

   and 
  disposal 
  of 
  public 
  lands 
  to 
  be 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  construction 
  of 
  works 
  

   for 
  the 
  reclamation 
  of 
  arid 
  and 
  semiarid 
  land; 
  also, 
  incidentally, 
  

   of 
  the 
  drainage 
  of 
  such 
  of 
  these 
  lands 
  as 
  needed 
  relief 
  from 
  excess 
  

   water. 
  

  

  