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32 TRANSFORMATIONS OF INSECTS. 
There are three kinds of individuals amongst the wasps, as there 
are amongst the ants, namely, males, females, and neuters or 
workers, and these last are really females which never lay eggs, 
but which are provided with wings, and yet differ much from the 
perfect females. These insects live in societies, the individuals 
of which are more or less ‘numerous according to the species. 
Usually the assemblage only lasts a year, and it breaks up at the 
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THE NESTS AND ADULT INSECTS OF Lumenes pomiformis. 
The capsules with holes in them have been opened by the perfect insects after their 
metamorphoses, but the others still contain larvae or nymphs. 
commencement of cold weather; by that time the males are all 
dead, then the workers begin to die off, and only the true females 
manage to hybernate by seeking refuge in the holes of walls, 
cavities of old trees, or wherever they can hide themselves easily 
and get out of the way of the cold. In the early spring a solitary 
female, a mother, begins to build a nest; it is small at first, the 
cells of it are few in number, and an egg is laid in each. 
As soon as the larva are born the wasp wanders to and fro 
for food for them, and spares no pains in order to provide its 
