PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 23 



a large and very broad nail ; maxilla very much depressed terminally, 

 its depth at the base of the nail being only about one-fourth that at the 

 extreme base. Male with the head rufous, the pileum ornamented with 

 a very full, soft tuft or bushy crest, occupying the whole top of the head. 



FuLiGrULA EUFiNA (Pall.) Stephens. 



The Rufous-crested JDucTc. 



Anas rufina, Pall. It. ii. App, 1773, 731, No. 28.— Gmel. S. N. i. 1788, 541. 



Branta rufina, Boie, Isis, 1822, 564.— Gray, Cat. Brit. B. 1863, 198. 



FuUgula rufina, Steph. Gen. Zoiil. xii. 1824, 188. — Dresser, B. Eur. pt. sxii. Oct. 

 1873. 



Nelta rufina, Kaup, Nat. Syst. 1829, 102, 



PlaUjpus rufinus, Brehm, ViJg. Deutschl. 1831, 922. 



Callichen rufinus, Brehm, t. c. 924. 



Mergoides rufina, Eyt. Rar. Brit. B. 1836, 57. 



Aythya rtifina, Macgill. Man. Brit. B. 1846, 191. 

 Callichen rufieeps, Brehm, t. c. 922. 

 Callichen subrufinus, Brbhm, t. c. 924. 

 Callichen micropus, Brehm, t. c. 925. 

 ■Callichen rufescens, Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, 379. 

 Red-crested Pochard, Selby, Brit. Orn. ii. 350. — Dresser, Z. c. 



Bed-created Whistling Duck, Yarrell, Brit. B. ed. 2, iii. 327, fig.; ed. 3, iii. 329, fig. — 

 Gray, I. c. 



Hab. — Southern and eastern Europe, northern Africa, and India; 

 occasional in northern and central Europe, and casual in the British 

 Islands; accidental in eastern U. S. (Kew York market, Boardman; 

 spec, in U. S. Nat. Mus.). 



Adult ^ (57207, U. S. Nat. Mus.; Hungary, W. Schliiter).— Head and 

 upper half of the neck delicate pinkish cinnamon, or vinaceous-rufous, 

 the full, soft crest (occupying the entire pileum) paler and less reddish, 

 the feathers light buff at tips ; lower half of the neck (including a nar- 

 row stripe which extends up the nape to the occiput), jugulum, breast, 

 abdomen, anal region, crissum, upi>er tail-coverts, and rump brownish 

 black, deepest on the neck and jugulum, and with a decided dark-green 

 gloss on the upper tail-coverts. Back and scapulars uniform light 

 umber-drab or Isabella -color ; wing-coverts and tertials brownish gray ; 

 speculum white basally, changing gradually into pale grayish, then suc- 

 ceeded by a rather broad subterminal bar of dusky, the tip narrowly 

 and abruptly white ; four outer primaries with outer ends dusky ; inner 

 quills pale ashy, with broad dusky ends; tail dull dark grayish. A 

 broad bar or transverse patch across anterior scaj)ular region, anterior 

 border of the wing, lining of the wing, axillars, and a very large patch 



was based, is quite a different type from Fulix (formally restricted to F. marila and 

 its allies by Professor Baird, in 1858) and JEtlujia, and should, in my opinion, be sepa- 

 rated generically. The first use of the term Branta in a generic sense was by 

 Scopoli in 1769 (for Anscr bernicla, L., A. moschata, L., A. torrita, L., A. albifrons, L. — 

 a very heterogeneous assemblage, which invalidates its subsequent employment unless 

 restricted to one or another of the species named by Scopoli not already been supplied 

 with a generic name, of which, however, there appears to be none not thus iirovided. 



