92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxii. 



Body deep, the dorsal contour strong"!}' arched; snout long, pointed, 

 its dorsal outline concave. Interorbital space very convex, occasion- 

 all}'^ somewhat flattened. Lower jaw slightly shorter than upper; lips 

 very broad, the upper partly covering anterior half of maxillary. 

 Maxillary fleshy, the greater part of upper edge covered by preorbital. 

 Barbels extending to a vertical midway between edges of opercle and 

 preopercle. No teeth on vomer and palatines; a single row of widely 

 spaced, blunt canines on jaws. Pseudobranchias large. Gillrakers 

 6+23, slender, the longest equal to diameter of eye. Air bladder 

 large. Peritoneum silvery. Preopercle smooth; opercle with a large, 

 flat spine at upper angle. Head completely scaled, the scales of snout, 

 maxillary, and chin deeply embedded, sometimes not visible; scales 

 weakly ctenoid; 2 rows above lateral line, 6 between lateral line and 

 origin of anal; small scales on caudal; soft dorsal and anal naked. 

 Pores of lateral line apparently single or with 3 or 4 branches on 

 anterior scales; with many minute branches on posterior ones. First 

 dorsal spine very short and closel}- adnate to second; third and fourth 

 spines longest, If in head, reaching beyond tips of other spines in 

 closed fin. Height of longest, (third or fourth) dorsal ra}" 1^ in head; 

 anal slightly lower than soft dorsal; caudal deepl}" cleft, the lobes 

 pointed, If in head; pectorals and ventrals pointed, about If in head. 



Color in life bright carmine red, with 3 curved stripes, olive in color 

 with a brassy sheen, extending from tip of snout to below end of soft 

 dorsal fin, the median stripe passing through eye and along lateral 

 line; caudal peduncle with a blackish saddle, the lower portions of 

 which are often darker, forming on each side a round black spot; 2 

 round dusky spots behind eye; fins pink, the pectorals and spinous 

 dorsal darker than others; ventrals with indistinct basal and sub- 

 terminal dark bands. In spirits the bright colors entirely disappear, 

 leaving 3 indistinct, dusky lateral stripes on the sides, and a dark sad- 

 dle across the caudal peduncle. Some examples are less brightly col- 

 ored. Length about 300 mm. Southern Japan, rare. Our specimens 

 are from Wakanoura and Nagasaki. 



(ffTTiXog^ spot; ovpa^ tail.) 



4. PSEUDUPENEUS BARBERINUS ( Lacepede.) 



Mullus barhermiis Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Ill, 1802, p. 406, pi. xiii, fig. 3 

 (Straits of Bouton). 



Upeneus barberinus Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Ill, 1829, p. 642 

 (copied).— RtJppELL, N. W. Fische, 1837, p. 101 (Red Sea).— GtJNTHER, Cat. 

 Fishes, I, 1859, p. 405 (Moluccas, Amboyna, India); Fische d. Sudsee, I, 1873, 

 p. 57, pi. xLii (Palan, Paumoto, Tahiti, Samoa, Kingsmill, Solomon Island). — 

 Kner, Novara, Fische, 1865, p. 70. — Klunzinger, Fische d. roth. ]\Ieer, 1870, 

 p. 745 (Red Sea).— Day, Fishes India, 1878, p. 124. — Jordan and Snyder, 

 Prelim. Clieck List, 1901, p. 84. 



Parupeneua barberinus Bleeker, Ternate, ]>. 234 ( East Indies); Revis. Mull., 1874, 

 p. 25. 



