NO. 1518. PHILIPPINE SNAILS OF GENUS VIVIPARA—BARTSCH. 143 



.summit falls somewhat below the keel and makes this appear all the 

 more prominent. Base short, evenl}' and strongh' arched, with a 

 narrow perforate umbilicus. Aperture ovate, rather large, the outer 

 lip thin, rendered I -shaped by the keel in the middle; columella slen- 

 der, concavely curved; parietal wall covered b}- a thick callus which 

 joins the columella and the posterior angle of the aperture, rendering 

 the peristome complete. Operculum thin, translucent, reddish-brown, 

 with depressed eccentric nucleus and well-marked incremental lines, 

 the outer edge bearing a slight projection which tits into the angle of 

 the peripheral keel. 



The type and 58 specimens Cat. No. 192957, U. S. N. M., were 

 collected by Maj. Edgar A. Mearns, at Lake Lanao, Mindanao, Philip- 

 pine Islands. The type has five whorls (the nepionic part of the spire 

 being lost) and measures: Altitude, 43.8 mm.; greater diameter, 36.3 

 mm.; lesser diameter, 32.5 mm. Aperture: Altitude (from the pos- 

 terior angle to the middle of the base), 21.5 mm.; diameter (taken at 

 right angles to the altitude at the keel of the outer lip), 17.2 mm. 



Occasionally there appear one or more verv slight spiral lirations on 

 the surface of the spire; these, however, are not constant, even on the 

 same shell, and therefore unimportant in the speciHc diagnosis. 



This species is remarkably distinct from any of the recent Viviparas. 

 It resembles V. j^ukotinovici Frauenfeld figured Plate 5, figs. 7, 8, in 

 the Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges, Wicn. XIV, 1S(U, which comes from the 

 Neogentertiarv of West Slavonia. 



VIVIPARA MEARNSI MISAMISENSIS new subspecies. 



Plate X, fig. 5. 



Shell large, thin, subturreted, light olive green with many narrow 

 dark brown bands, which coincide with the lines of growth and prob- 

 ably mark resting stages. Entire surface marked by rather strong 

 incremental lines. Nuclear whorls wanting. Succeeding turns inflated, 

 shouldered at the submit and marked by three prominent spiral ridges 

 and two less conspicuous intermediate ones, between the sutures. 

 The most strongly developed of these ridges is at the periphery, the 

 next strongly developed one is located about two-fifths of the dis- 

 tance anterior to the summit, between the summit and the periphery, 

 while the third is about halfway between these two keels. Of the 

 two weaker cords, one stands halfway between the middle and 

 posterior keel, while the other encircles the shoulder, about as far 

 posterior to the first keel as the other intermediate cord is anterior 

 to it. The spaces between these keels appear flattened and lend the 

 outline of the whorls a polygonal appearance. Periphery of the last 

 whorl strongly keeled. Base short, well arched, not umbilicated, 

 marked by many tine rather closely .spaced spiral lirations. Aperture 

 suboval, white within, edged with black; outer lip thin, rendered 



