NO. 1521. MEASUREMENTS OF CRANIAL FOSS.E—IIRDLICKA. 179 



A long delay in publishing the result of this study was occasioned by 

 lack of anthropoid ape skulls, but even this was eventually supplied 

 from the valuable collection recently sent to the National Museum by 

 Dr. W. L. A])bott. 



The total number of specimens measured was as follows : 



Skulls of adult males, white: 



Dolichocephals " 6 20 



Mesocephals 20 



Brachycephals 20 



Skulls of adult females, white: 



Dolichocephals 10 



Mesorephals 10 



Brachycephals 10 



Skulls of adult males, Indian: 



Dolichocephals 10 



Brachycephals 10 



Skulls of adult males, negro, c dolicho- to mesocephals 15 



Skulls of adult females, negro, dolicho- to mesocephals 10 



Skulls of fetuses and children: 



White, brachycephals ^ 10 



Negro, brachycephals . 10 



Negro, dolicho- to mesocei^hals 20 



Skulls of adult anthropoid apes 13 



Skulls of adult monkeys and other mammals 10 



Total crania measured 198 



Considerable difficulty was encountered at the start in the choice of 

 appropriate measurements and the fixing of good landmarks. Repeated 

 trials showed that measurements of height and lireadth of the fosste, 

 though highly desirable, were quite impracticable, and that to a cer 

 tain extent artificial landmarks would have to be established for the 

 longitudinal dimensions. In searching for such points from which to 

 measure, the writer was guided by the desire of having the measure- 

 ments on the bones correspond as closely as possible to definite seg- 

 ments or portions of the brain, and the ultimate selection in human 

 adults was as follows: 



A7iterl<>t' fossx; adults. — The anterior points from which to measure 

 {((((, aa^ Plate XIV), are located on the arc of a circle of 2 cm. radius, 

 with the foramen ccecum as center; and,1.2 cm. laterad of the median 

 line. They correspond closely to the lower limits of the frontal poles. 



The posterior points {ap, aj>) are on the free border of the lesser 



« Dolichocephals: Cephalic index up to 75; mesocephals, 75.1 to 80; brachycephals, 

 above 80. 



^ Some of the crania were partly damaged, so that not all the fosspe could be'exam- 

 ined; details will be clearly seen in the final tables. 



''Including several African lilacks; among the American negroes, though all pos- 

 sessed the features of the race, several were probably of mixed blood (white and 

 black). 



