520 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxn. 



the latter fin very small; pectoral comparatively long, reaching to a 

 point above origin of ventral, or beyond; ventral reaching less than 

 halfway to vent; anal fin small, the distance from its origin to base 

 of caudal about equal to length of head; caudal deeply forked. 



Color in alcohol, dull brown above lateral line, becoming silvery 

 yellow below. Pectorals, dorsals, and caudal tipped with blackish; 

 ventrals and anal uniform yellowish. 



Of this species we have examined 7 specimens from Wakanoura, 

 6 from Nagasaki, 3 from Kobe, 2 from Tokyo, and 1 from Kawa- 

 tana. It was seen also at Hakata and at Hiroshima. It is generally 

 common in southern Japan, and is a common food fish in the markets. 

 Aulopus elongatus Schlegel seems to be this species, the figure show- 

 ing no adipose eyelid, but the number of scales is too large. Saurus 

 argijrophanes we place here, as Glinther counts 54 scales and Rich- 

 ardson does not speak of the adipose eyelid. 



(apyvpoes^ silvery; ^jaivoo, to show.) 



4. SAURIDA ESO Jordan and Herre, new species. 

 ESO, OESO (LARGE ESO). 



Saurus hadi Cantor, Catalogue of Malayan Fishes. 1850, p. 270 (Sea of Pinang, 

 Malayan Peninsula, Singapore); (not Saurus hadi Cuvier, an Indian species, 

 with the ventrals blackish, the scales 55, and the adipose eyelid large.) 



Saurida japonica Jordan and Evermann, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXV, 1902, 

 p. 329 {comparison with S. argyrophanes) (not Cobitis japonicus of Houttuyn). 



Habitat. — South coasts of Japan, south to Malaysia. 

 Head 4f in length without caudal; depth 7|; greatest width of 

 head If in its length; maxillary H in head; interorbital space equals 



Fig. 1.— Saueida eso. 



distance from tip of snout to middle of pupil, a trifle more than 3 in 

 head; snout 3i in head; D. 11; A. 10; P. 14; V. 9; scales 5-63-7. 



Body elongate, subcylindrical, becoming somewhat compressed 

 and laterally keeled on posterior portion; head depressed, broad; 

 snout broad, flat, rather blunt; eye placed well forward, 5^ in head; 

 adipose eyelid well developed, broad, extending to or partly cover- 

 ing pupil; much larger than in Saurida argijrophanes. Anterior 

 nostril with a well-developed fleshy flap or tube. Top of head with 

 numerous dendritic muciferous tubules. 



