HAWAIIAN HOLOTHURIANS— FISHER. 667 



four upright pieces and two transverse beams (more rarely one) and 

 the rounded summit provided with numerous teeth. The rather 

 symmetrical, smooth V)uttons with six holes. Supporting rods are 

 present in the papillae. Color in alcohol reddish brown; the pro- 

 tuberances being usually lighter. In one specimen they are light yel- 

 low, sharply detined against the purplish brown surface. Length, 100 

 mm. ; thickness in widest part, 24 mm. 



Localities. — Honolulu lleef (2 specimens), Necker Island (T), Laysan 

 Island (2), Station oSS-t, south coast of Molokai Island, S fathoms (1). 



Naturally enough the preserved specimens var}^ considerably in 

 shape, because of the ditl'erent degress of contraction. As a rule, 

 however, the body is thicker toward the posterior end, and resembles 

 a minature " summer squash "in general form. The circlet of ten- 

 tacles is rather narrow. The protuberances of the l)ody are conspicu- 

 ous, and in some spt^cimens there is an indication of their being 

 confined, beyond the middle of the body, to tiie ambulacra. The so- 

 called papilla^ really resemble pedicels, as there is a terminal sucking- 

 disk and plate. Theel on page ISl of the second memoir calls them 

 pedicels, and on page 233 papilUe. They are always found on pro- 

 tuberances however. Judging from alcoholic specimens the color is 

 variable, especiall}^ as regards the relative shades of the general sur- 

 face and the papilUe warts. In some individuals they are not notice- 

 abl}^ lighter than the light purplish brown interspace. The ventral 

 surface is a triile lighter than the dorsal, but otherwise superficially 

 very similar. 



The radial pieces of the calcareous ring are much larger than the 

 interradial and project much farther forward. The rounded margin 

 has a deep obtuse incision. The interradial* pieces have one short 

 tooth. Madreporic canal single, on right side of mesenter}^, free 

 for its whole length in body cavity. Polian vesicles two to four. 

 Cuvierian organs in a relatively ver}^ large bunch. Longitudinal 

 muscle-bands ver}^ thick. 



The tables are so crowded that the edges of the disks touch or over- 

 lap slightly, and beneath these the buttons form an evenly distributed, 

 crowded layer. The disks of the tables average between 0.08 and 0.95 

 mm. in diameter, and the robust spire is 0.09 mm. high and about 0.05 

 mm. in diameter, consists of four upright rods, two crossbeams, and 

 the summit is surmounted by many teeth. A number of the teeth are 

 on a level with the upper crossbeam. The disk is not exactly circular, 

 but tends toward the subquadrate, and is typically pierced by nine 

 holes, forming three rows, the central hole being a trifle larger than 

 the rest. Occasionally as many as six or seven very small perfora- 

 tions are scattered around the margin, between it and the primary 

 holes. The buttons average about 0.09 mm. in length. They are 

 smooth, have slightly undulating margins and obtuse ends. There are 



