NO. 1555. HAWAIIAN HOLOTHURIANS— FISHER. 699 



obviously subdivided into lobes. The body when viewed from below 

 presents a lateral bristling fringe of the long, stiff, and remarkable 

 papillje, whose walls are exceedingly brittle from crowded, long, glassy 

 spicules easily seen with the naked e3"e, as in fact are the rods of the 

 larger pedicels. These papilla when perfect are longest at about the 

 middle of the body and decrease in length, forward and backward. 

 They taper gradually but not evenly from a stout base to a rather 

 finelj^-pointed extremity. The distal portion of the perfect papillas 

 has an inconspicuous lateral flange of tissue free from spicules, the 

 latter being crowded into a very slender core at one side. In the 

 posterior half of body a very few of the papilla? are a little slenderer 

 than alternate ones, but there is no regularity in this. Near anterior 

 extremity of body three or four smaller papilla^ {a., J, r, fig. 2, Plate 

 LXXI V) form a rudimentar}" second row of lateral papilla^. They stand 

 just above the larger laterals and appear distinct from dorsals. At 

 posterior extremity, as well as at anterior, the papillje are rather 

 crowded and many of the dorsal are matted down, forming an almost 

 inextricable mass. Only the true lateral or flank papilh^ are shown in 

 the figure. Of these there appear to be more on the left side (right 

 of figure), as indicated in diagnosis. The integument of ventral sur- 

 face is rather thin, but rigid on account of the numerous rods which 

 can just be discerned with the naked eye. With a moderately strong- 

 glass they can be clearly seen, A dorsal view of the animal presents 

 a matted mass of long, slender, brittle papillae. The bases of lateral 

 papillas extend well onto dorsal surface by reason of the fact that 

 the dorsoventral diameter of base is much greater than the hori- 

 zontal, being about 4 mm. The dorsum slopes ofi^ gradually onto 

 the upper surface of the papillae. Along either dorsal ambulacrum 

 are about two irregular series of long papillae similar in charac- 

 ter to the laterals. The outer of the two series contains about 

 seventeen or eighteen slender papillae, about one-third or one-half 

 the diameter of the larger laterals and 20 mm. in length. The 

 spicules appear to be congregated along one side of each papillae, 

 the rest of wall being transparent. Papilla? of inner series are much 

 more numerous (about thirt}^? are very irregularly arranged, and 

 are considerably slenderer than the outer series, but appear to be 

 of the same length. Owing to the fact that these papilla are matted 

 tog"ether ver}^ intricately it is difficult to make out with absolute 

 accuracy their arrangement. Some papillae of outer series have three 

 of inner series opposite them, others only one or two. The essential 

 feature is that the inner row of each ambulacrum contains more than 

 twice as man}" papillae as the outer and is ver}^ irregular in arrange- 

 ment. The greater part of the dorsal surface is occupied by the flar- 

 ing bases of the papillae. The integument is somewhat translucent, 

 the spicules being visible to the naked ej^e. 



