WINGS OF THE TENTHREDINOIDEA—MacGTLLIVRAY. fiSl 



In the front wing-.s the costal area varies from a broad prominent space 

 to a narrow restricted area, the latter being the predominant condi- 

 tion. The anterior end of the medio-cubital cross-vein ma}- arise 

 either from the angle between radius and media or from Sc+R+M dis- 

 tinctly ])efore the origin of media. This shows that in certain groups 

 at least the location of this cross-vein at or before the origin of media 

 does not include forms belonging to the same line of ascent, ])ut it does 

 show the successive modifications within this line of ascent. The other 

 wing structures are practically the same as in the Emphytime except 

 that, so far as observed, the free part of R^ and the transverse part of 

 M^ are nev^er wanting in the hind wings. This subfamily includes 

 the following genera: StrongylogaHter^ Thrhiax, Strornhoecros^ and 

 SeJandria. 



Dohrwx. — A subfamily (tig. 49) with a distinct habitus, closely 

 related to the Emphytiiue and Selandriinw. The costal area has been 

 greatly reduced, the free part of Sc^ is only a projection upon the 

 front side of 8c+R+M. The costa is prominently thickened at apex. 

 This, together with the thickening- of Sc+R+M, have undoubtedly been 

 important factors leading to the reduction of this area. The medio- 

 cul)ital cross-vein joins Sc+R+M just before the origin of media. 

 This cross-vein and the stem of M3+^ are slightly divergent behind. 

 The most important characters for difl'erentiating the g-roup from the 

 other subfamilies of the generalized Tenthredinidt^ is the atrophy of 

 the free part of R^,, so that the cells R^^ and R^ are combined. The 

 free part of M^-trCuj is situated near the middle of the cell M^. The 

 hind wings are of the usual form found in the generalized Tenthre- 

 dinidte. This subfamily contains two genera, DoIcrKs and Loderus. 



l^hjUotomhiH'. — This subfamily is distinctive in the oblique course 

 of the medio-cubital cross-vein (tig. 52-54), which is joined to Sc+R+M 

 distinctly before the origin of media and by the direction of the stem 

 of M.^+^, which is strongly divergent from the cross-vein behind. The 

 costal area is narrow, the free part of Sc, is represented ])y a mere 

 projection on the front margin of Sc+R+M in Caiiroit^ and is entirely 

 wanting in Phyllofoina. 



The costa is broadl}" expanded at apex. The radial and radio- 

 medial cross-veins are so completely covered by furrows in certain 

 species as to be apparently w^anting. The free part of M^ + Cuj is 

 joined to the cell M^ near its middle. The hind wings have underg-one 

 the greater reduction, the free part of R^ and the transverse part of 

 M^ are generally wanting, though this latter vein is sometimes pres- 

 ent. In the males there has been a peculiar change in the direction 

 of the veins, all of them running- direct to the marg-in, the free part of 

 R^ and M3 and the transverse part of Mg are wanting, and in their 

 place there has been developed secondarily a vein along- the margin of 

 the wing from the apex of the cell Ri+./to the apex of the first anal 



