AVES ANATID^E. 475 



Head : A cap reaching from the base of the culmen, back between the 

 eyes, but above them, to the occiput, dusky seal-brown ; the rest of the 

 head bright, immaculate cinnamon-chestnut. 



Neck : Concolor with the cinnamon-chestnut of the head ; this is im- 

 maculate, but some individuals have a decided shading of seal-brown on 

 the chin. 



Back : Mantle, lower back, rump and upper tail-coverts dusky seal- 

 brown, with pale narrow margins of buffy cinnamon to each feather. 



Tail : Dusky seal-brown, with narrow margins of dull buff to each 

 feather. Seen from beneath, the rectrices are much lighter in tone and the 

 margins better defined and clearer. 



Wings : Scapulars dull seal-brown, barred with three or more bands of 

 chestnut, the same tone as that of the head and neck ; the longer scapu- 

 lars are pointed, narrow and dusky seal-brown in color, with median stripes 

 of buffy ; two or more of the outer long scapulars have their outer webs 

 pastel-blue like the wing-coverts ; these feathers may or may not have 

 median buffy stripes and defined inner webs of dusky seal-brown ; pri- 

 maries dusky seal-brown, lighter toward the tips ; secondaries with 

 metallic green areas near their ends and more than an inch and three 

 quarters exposed, forming a wing-speculum ; there is a very narrow line 

 or border of white defining this posteriorly and the greater row of wing- 

 coverts, brownish with broad pure white tips, form the anterior margin of 

 the speculum ; longer tertials deep seal-brown, with buffy median stripes ; 

 wing-coverts, except the greater series, pastel-blue, forming a blue shoul- 

 der when the wing is closed ; outer under wing-coverts dull brown, with 

 more or less bluish, shading and with whitish tips ; the inner under wing- 

 coverts and axillaries white. 



Lower parts : Rich cinnamon-chestnut, generally immaculate through- 

 out ; sometimes the belly is shaded with obscure blackish and the longer 

 feathers of the flanks are dotted and marked with dusky seal-brown in 

 some individuals ; the lower tail-coverts are deep chestnut, shading fre- 

 quently into seal-brown. 



Bill : Black, shaded with invisible dark green in adults ; dark, with 

 lighter greyish areas in birds of the year. 



Iris : Yellow ; or dark hazel, varying with age and season. 



Feet : Yellow or orange ; or light brown in birds of the year. 



Adult female: Head, neck and lower parts dull buffy or brownish white, 



