NO. 1581. FISHES OF JAPAN— JOBDAN AND RICHARDSON. 639 



Habitat. — Southern Japan to the East Indies north to Tokyo. 



Head 3 in length without caudal; depth 9; depth of head 3.5 to 4 

 in its length; width of head 1.6 or 1.7; eye 4.5 to 5.2; interorbital 

 space 2.5 in eye; maxillary in head 2.5 to 2.7; D. VII or VIII, 11; A. 

 11; scales 90: lateral line smooth. 



Size and arrangement of spines on top of head about as m T. japon- 

 icus; 5 or 6 superciliary serratures, all behind center of orbit; a sharp 

 spine at the upper anterior corner of each orbit: infraorbital ridge 

 with 3 distant spines, one under back of orbit, one below anterior third 

 of pupil, and a third (not foimd in T-jajJonicus) nearly opposite pos- 

 terior nostril, upper part of opercle with two low smooth ridges, each 

 ending in a short blunt spine; scapular ridges each with two spines; 

 parie to-occipital ridges low, with two short spines; 3 post-orbital 

 spines on each side, not connected by a continuous ridge; preopercular 

 spines 2, longer than in T. japonicus, the upper contained less than 

 2h times in the diameter of the orbit, the lower less than half the 

 length of the upper; opercular membrane not notched nor provided 



Fig. 4. — Thysanophrys crocodilus. 



with a flap under angle of preoperculum; bands of fine villiform teeth; 

 vomerine bands short, as in T. japonicus; no canine teeth; tongue 

 emarginate, occasionally with a very slight median convexity. 



Highest dorsal spine 1| times height of longest soft ray; margin 

 of soft dorsal and anal behind middle- of fins deeply notched, the fin- 

 membrane joining the anterior edge of the rays about midway of 

 their length; free ends of soft dorsal rays expanded (by branching) 

 and brush-like; anal rays similarly expanded outwardly, and cov- 

 ered with rather thick skin; pectorals 2 to 2.2 in head; ventrals 1.4 

 to 1.6; caudal margin convexo-truncate. 



Color (in alcohol) reddish-brown, tending to purplish, back, sides, 

 back and top of head, muzzle, cheeks, and opercles with numerous 

 small roundish black spots; similar spots between the eyes, below 

 them, and on the upper third of each eye itself; back crossed with 4 

 or 5 broad bars of dusky, the last three directed obliquely forward, 

 and all subject to fading and disintegration with age; under parts 

 Proc. N. M. vol. xxxiii— 07 11 



