660 FROCEEDINdS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. xxxin. 



20. PERISTEDION ORIENTALE Temminck and Schlegel. 

 KIHOBO (Yellow Gurnard), TSUNO KANAGASHIRA (Horned Metal-head). 



Peristedion unentale Temminck and Schlegel, Faun. Japon. Pise, 1843, p. 37, 

 pi. XIV, figs. 5 and 6; pi. xiv A, figs. 1 and 2 (Nagasaki). — Jordan and 

 Starks, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XXII, 1902, p. 593, fig. — (Suruga Bay). 



Peristethus orientale Kaup, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1859, p. 105, pi. viii, 

 fig. 2. — GuNTHER, Cat. Fishes, II, 1860, p. 219 (after Schlegel). — Namiye, 

 Class. Cat., 1881, p. 101 (Tokyo). — Ishikawa, Cat. Fishes Imp. Mus. Tokyo, 

 1897, p. 47 (Tokyo; Ajiro). 



Hahitat. — Japan, north to Tokyo, in deep water. 



Head 2.66 in length without caudal; depth 6.5; width of head 2.2 

 in its length; eye 4.8 to 5.2; interorbital space = eye; snout 1.66 in 

 head; nasal processes 3.75 to 4.25 (adult); longest barbel 3.8; D. 

 VIII-20; A. 20; pectoral 2.3 in head; ventral 2.16; plates in upper 

 lateral series 34 or 35. 



Body about as wide as the head anteriorly, rather long, gradually 

 tapering; 4 rows of long scutes on each side, each ending in a spine; 

 spines of ventral and dorsal row of scutes becoming gradually smaller 

 backward, those of the ventral series obsolete on the last 10 or 12 

 scutes; head little wider than front of body; nasal processes always 

 somewhat divergent, the distance between their tips sometimes 

 nearly twice their distance apart at base, even when the opercles are 

 completely closed; lower lateral rim of cephalic shield narrow, shelf- 

 like, its margin nearly straight, except for slight serrations, from the 

 base of the nasal process to the angle of the preopercle, which is 

 rounded and wholly without projecting spine; opercle with a blunt 

 spine, preceded by a low minutel}" serrated ridge; no spine in front of 

 eye; two blunt postorbital points, and two short occipital spines, 

 with blunt points; no spines on muzzle; each lower jaw with a 

 branched, brush-like barbel at its outer angle, inside of and behind 

 wliich are many shorter single barbels, in a tuft-like cluster; the 

 branched barbel reaching half way to base of pectorals. 



Spinous dorsal beginning immediately behind first (fused) pair of 

 dorsal scutes; the depressed fin reaching to base of second ray of soft 

 dorsal; anal inserted under third ray of soft dorsal and extending 

 about one plate behind it ; pectoral reaching to tip of spine of tenth 

 upper lateral scute; longest free pectoral ray extending slightly 

 beyond pectoral; ventrals barely reaching vent; caudal emarginate. 



Body and head covered with vermiculations of dark brown; pec- 

 toral with 2 or 3 dark cross bars and a blotch on the upper base ; a 

 dark marginal streak of blackish on spinous dorsal ; soft dorsal with 

 2 rows of dark dots, the upper row forming a more or less continuous^ 

 submarginal streak on both rays and membranes; lower parts pale, 

 yellowish. 



