452 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.39. 



preorbitals scaleless. Soft dorsal and anal scaled on basal third, 

 caudal nearly to tip on outer rays. Rows of scales above lateral line 

 on body oblique, those below horizontal. 



Body in spirits uniformly colored, olivaceous, lighter below; a large 

 black blotch, its largest part above lateral line, below anterior part of 

 soft dorsal, extending over eight scales longitudinally, and three or 

 four transversely; around this an indistinct ocellation of lighter 

 color. On axil of pectoral a small black spot. In young, four lateral 

 longitudinal black stripes; first indistinct, near dorsal median line, 

 ending at first dorsal spines; second distinct, from snout to middle of 

 soft dorsal; third and fourth equally distinct, as broad as pupil and 

 nearly twice as broad as second; third beginning at eye, passing 

 through lateral blotch, and ending on upper half of base of caudal; 

 fourth from below eye extending to lower half of base of caudal. 

 These disappear with age, as shown conclusively by our series of 

 specimens, and in adults are not to be seen. Color in life olive gray 

 above, sides coppery red, axillary and lateral spots black; lower fins 

 bright yellow, upper dark, tinged with red; upper scales with pearly 

 spots. "Six or seven golden yellow streaks on body, upper four 

 beginning at the orbit, first ending below dorsal spines, the rest below 

 the dorsal rays, fifth from below the eye to the caudal, sixth and 

 seventh from the maxillary to the caudal. These fading in spirits" 

 (Bleeker). 



Our young specimens are in all respects like those described by 

 Smith and Pope as Lutianus nishikawsR, and these are undoubtedly 

 the young of L. russelli. A careful comparison of measurements in 

 hundredths of body length and of counts, as well as of shape and color, 

 show no differences not due to age. The teeth on the tongue are 

 apparently absent in very young specimens (of the size of the type of 

 L. nisliilcawse) , but in slightly older specimens are barely distinct, as 

 was noted by Bleeker. ^ The lateral stripes gradually disappear with 

 age, as remarked above. This species is obviously not that which 

 Day described and figured as L. chrysotcRnia, as is shown by the smaller 

 scales above the lateral line, 75, not 52, as quoted. Our specimens 

 show less than 64 in every case. 



Lutianus russelli is apparently distinct from L. fulvijlamma, as 

 shown by our numerous specimens of the latter from the Philippine 

 Islands, differing in having a more arched back in the adult, a greater 

 number of scales in transverse series, lower dorsal spines (2| to 3 in 

 body depth, not 2 to 2^), 7 rows of scales on preopercle instead of 6, 

 smaller eyes, and a greater part of the lateral blotch above the lateral 

 line. 



The specimens (in Stanford University) identified as L. fulvijlamma 

 by Jordan and Evermann from Keerun, Formosa, are undoubtedly 



oAtlas, vol. 8, p. 71. 



