NO. 3557 SUBGENUS CULEX—BRAM 7 
and distribution in the subgenus Culex as was found by Lane (1943, 
1944) for the tribes Sabethini and Anophelini. Rather, the dis- 
tributional patterns of the various species indicate several broad 
faunistic areas as suggested by Belkin (1962) for the entire family 
Culicidae. The American Mediterranean exhibits the greatest num- 
ber of species of any area, as well as the largest number of endemic 
species. Although suggestions of subpatterns seem to exist, the 
general area is considered the primary center of distribution. The 
Patagonian area was recognized by both Lane and Belkin (in this 
case as the Patagonian-South Chilean area) and in the subgenus 
Culex demonstrates a distinctively unique fauna. In this subgenus 
the Patagonian area would seem to represent a compromise between 
the concept of the areas presented by Lane and Belkin. The remain- 
ing area of South America seems best considered under Belkin’s 
broad Neotropical area. In this area suggestions of subpatterns 
also exist, but sufficient data is not presently available to confirm or 
delimit these possibilities. 
In summary, examination of distributional patterns reveals several 
broad faunal areas of New World Culex (Culex). The entire Nearctic 
region exhibits only three endemic species and possesses nine more 
species which are also found in the Neotropical region. The Neo- 
tropical region may be subdivided into three faunal areas: (1) the 
American Mediterranean, which is considered the primary center of 
origin and distribution; (2) the Patagonian, which is confined to the 
west coast and southern tip of the continent, and which exhibits a 
unique fauna; and (3) the Neotropical, which includes the rest of 
the South American continent. These faunal areas, modified after 
Lane (1943) and Belkin (1962), are outlined in figure 1. Additional 
subpatterns within these areas are suggestive, but more distribu- 
tional data is required to confirm and delimit these secondary 
features. 
Terminology 
MALE TERMINALIA.—The terminology followed in this study is 
basically that of Carpenter and LaCasse (1955). The one exception 
to this is in the male terminalia. A wide variety of terms has been 
used to describe the structures of the male terminalia and few authors 
agree on standard terms in the subgenus Culex. Table 2 lists the 
terminology used by eleven different authors to describe the struc- 
tures of the mesosome in the Culex subgenus Culex. This table is 
by no means complete since, as indicated by Freeborn (1924), it is 
impossible to produce an accurate synonym list for the nomenclature 
of the different parts without consulting the original descriptions of 
all species and all monographic works. In respect to male terminalia, 
