10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vou. 120 
of Chapinia. Other characters useful in species separation are: The 
presence or absence of brushes of normal setae on the venter of the 
third femora and posterolateral margins of abdominal sternites 
IV-VI; the presence or absence of a short seta on each lateral margin 
of abdominal tergites III-VI between the spiracle and postspiracular 
seta; the number of median rows of setae, and the total number of 
setae on abdominal sternite II. The number and length of setae on 
the lateral margins of the gular region are too variable to be of much 
use in separating species. 
For convenience of classification the species of Chapinia have been 
arranged into species-groups. 
Hosts: Species of Chapinia have been found on the genera Tockus, 
Anorrhinus, Penelopides, MRhyticeros, Anthracocerus, Bycanistes, 
Ceratogymna, and Buceros of the avian family Bucerotidae. 
The lophocerus Species-Group 
Species similar in shape to Chapinia robusta (figs. 23, 24). Dif- 
fering from other species-groups in the following combination of 
characters: Dorsal-lateral margins of head with preocular slit; venter 
of third femora and posterolateral margins of abdominal sternites 
IV-VI each with brushes of normal setae; each lateral margin of ab- 
dominal tergites II-VI with or without a short seta between the 
spiracle and postspiracular seta; females with more abdominal sternal 
setae than males; abdominal sternite IJ with either one or three 
median rows of setae; male genitalia with lateral horns on each side 
of endomeres and with parameres enlarged anteriorly, not split pos- 
teriorly ; females with sclerital hooks on each side of midline of ventral 
sclerite between vulva and anus; female abdominal sternite VIII 
with most of setae similar in size to setae on posterior margin. 
Hosts: Species of the lophocerus species-group have been found 
on the genera Tockus, Bycanistes, and Ceratogymna of the avian 
family Bucerotidae. 
Species of the lophocerus species-group are all similar in size except 
that both sexes of Chapinia camuri are smaller than corresponding 
sexes of other species, and males of C. robusta are larger than other 
males. The small size of C. camuri might be expected since its host, 
the 15-inch Tockus camurus, is the smallest known hornbill. The 
venter of the third femora and posterolateral margins of abdominal 
sternites ITV-VI each have large thick brushes of normal setae in 
C. bucerotis but small scattered brushes of normal setae in other species 
of the lophocerus species-group, although the brushes are slightly 
thicker in C. robusta. Each lateral margin of abdominal tergites 
II-VI has a short seta between the spiracle and postspiracular seta in 
| 
