NO. 3564 HEMISQUILLA ENSIGERA—STEPHENSON 15 
It is evident on the basis of present data that Chilean material is 
almost as distinct from the Californian as it is from the Australasian. 
The best schema to meet this situation is to regard each population 
as a subspecies. This conclusion is influenced by three factors: 
(1) Only nine Chilean specimens were available for study. When 
additional material is measured, it seems likely that differences be- 
tween Chilean and other material will become more significant. 
(2) There is the possibility that detailed examination of colors of 
living specimens may afford further diagnostic criteria. Manning 
(pers. comm.) stresses the importance of color differences in other 
genera of stomatopods. In the present case it is possible that Chilean 
specimens may differ from Californian in having less yellow color on 
various appendages. Thus Nicolet’s plate (1854, pl. 2, fig. 3) shows 
the following as green or bluish green: antennal scales, propodus of 
raptorial claws, and endopodites of uropods. They are canary yellow 
on living and recently preserved Californian specimens. To determine 
whether the differences are real or are artifacts, requires observations 
on fresh Chilean material. 
(3) Distinctions between stomatopods at all levels are becoming 
increasingly fine, and subspecific distinctions must be finer still. This 
is emphasized by a comparison between H. braziliensis and the differ- 
ent groups of H. ensigera. Apart from two “firm” features the 
differences are of the same order as those between the different groups 
of H. ensigera. In these respects the Brazilian form shows no closer 
relationship to any one group of H. ensigera than to any other. 
In view of the above, three subspecies of H. ensigera are therefore 
designated: 
Chilean: Hemisquilla ensigera ensigera 
Californian: H/. ensigera californiensis, new subspecies 
Australasian: HZ. ensigera australiensis, new subspecies 
The distinguishing features, on the basis of present knowledge are 
as follows: 
Mandibular palps: In H.e. australiensis 80% of the palps are 
two segmented and 20% three segmented. In H.e. californiensis the 
the values are 25% and ca. 75%, respectively, and in H.e. ensigera 
they are 45% and 55%, respectively. 
Intermediate lobes of telson: In He. australiensis about half the 
telsons have single lobes (45%) and about half (52%) two lobes. 
In He. californiensis over 95% have single lobes, and in H.e. ensigera 
all specimens examined have single lobes. On this basis H.e. cali- 
forniensis and H.e. ensigera are indistinguishable. 
Length/breadth ratio of rostrum: In H.e. australiensis the ratio is 
low (mean 1.10), in He. californiensis high (mean 1.34), and in Me. 
