﻿388 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 102 



Type locality. — Point Lobos, Espmtu Santo Island, near La Paz, 

 Baja California. 



Genus GOLFINGIA Lankester 



Phascolosoma authors, not F. S. Leuckart, 1828. 



Phascolosomum Diesing, 1851, p. 63, partim; 1859, p. 758, partim. 



Phascolosoma Keferstein, 1862, p. 39, partim; 1865b, p. 422, partim. 



Homalosoma Keferstein, 1865b, p. 436 (for Phascolosoma margaritaceurn Sars). 

 (Preoccupied by Homalosoma Wagler, 1850, and Agassiz, 1846.) 



Petalostoma Keferstein, 1865b, p. 438. (Type, Phascolosoma minutum Kefer- 

 stein.) (Preoccupied by Petalostoma von Lidth de Jeude, 1829, Recueil de 

 figures des vers intestinaux . . ., Preface, p. 2.) 



Phascolosomum Quatrefages, 1866, p. 616. (Type, Ph. vulgaris de Blainville.) 



Stephanostoma Danielssen and Koren, 1880, p. 464. (Type, S. hansenii 

 Danielssen and Koren.) (Preoccupied by Stephanostoma Lenz, 1802, in 

 Joerdens, Entomologie ilnd Helminthologie des menschlichen Korpers . . ., 

 vol. 2, p. 29.) 



Phascolosoma Selenka and de Man, 1883, p. 15. 



Golfingia Lankester, 1885, p. 469, pis. 55, 56. (Type, G. macintoshii Lankester= 

 Phascolosoma vulgare de Blainville, teste Stephen, 1934, p. 169.) — Fisher, 

 1950a, p. 548. 



Apionsoma Sluiter?, 1902, p. 42. (Type, ^4. trichocephalus Sluiter.) 



Diagnosis.' — Usually small or moderate sized, rather slender sipuncu- 

 lids having the longitudinal muscle layer continuous except in G. 

 gouldii. Distinct finger-shaped, leaf-shaped, or filiform tentacles en- 

 circle mouth in one or more rows or in a series of longitudinal double 

 rows, interrupted in median dorsal line by the ciliated nuchal organ; 

 in a few cases tentacles reduced to a circumoral fold. Hooks may 

 or may not be present on introvert. Four or only two (ventral) 

 retractor muscles of introvert. Contractile Polian vessel in most 

 cases simple but in subgenus Thysanocardia is covered with Polian 

 villi, and also is sometimes rudimentary in species with few tentacles. 

 Intestine forms a double spiral coil of several, or many, whorls around 

 axial spindle muscle which originates close to rectiun and only ex- 

 ceptionally anchors spiral to posterior end of trunk. The pair of 

 nephridia hang free. A pair of photic tubes lead backward from 

 surface of a cerebral sense organ into substance of cerebral ganglion. 

 The bottom (or posterior, blind end) of each of these tubes, when 

 pigmented, forms an "eye spot." (From Gerould, 1913, emended.) 



Remarks.- — ^It is unfortunate that the name Phascolosoma, long 

 applied to this group, is applicable only to the genus later known as 

 Physcosoma. The type of Leuckart's (1828) Phascolosoma is Ph. 

 granulatum of the Mediterranean, which was transferred by Quatre- 

 fages (1866) to his new subgenus Phymosomum. This was emended 

 to Phymosoma and given generic rank by Selenka (1883), who failed 

 to notice or ignored the discrepancy. He included Phascolosoma 

 granulatum Leuckart in the synonymy of "Phymosoma granulatum." 

 Phymosoma, being preoccupied, was later changed by Selenka (1897) 

 to Physcosoma. 



