﻿86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. lOO 



is placed in the Ichneumonoidea, but the only family of the Ichneu- 

 monoidea with which it shows definite relation is the Megalyridae. 

 And the real aflanities of the Megalyridae and Gasteruptiidae are 

 unproved. 



The Gasteruptiidae are readily separable from all other Hymenop- 

 tera by a combination of three characters: 1, Abdomen attached to 

 the thorax (alitrunk) high, far above the attachment of the hind 

 coxae; 2, hind wing without closed cells or with a single closed cell; 

 3, first abdominal segment not set off from the rest of the abdomen 

 by a conspicuous articulation. Of these, the fii'st character is shared 

 only with the Evaniidae and a few Braconidae (especially Capitonius) 

 and Ichneumonidae (most Labenini) . The second character differenti- 

 ates the Gasteruptiidae from the Braconidae and Ichneumonidae, and 

 the third differentiates them from the Evaniidae. 



Previous literature of importance on the Nearctic Gasteruptiidae 

 includes a revision by Bradley (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 34, pp. 

 107-128, 1908), a compilation of the world literature by Kieffer (Das 

 Tierreich, vol. 30, pp. 189-410, 1912), and a world catalog by Hedicke 

 (Hymenopterorum catalogus, pars 10, Aulacinae, and pars 11, Gaster- 

 uptiinae, 1939). In this revision only original descriptions are given 

 in the species bibliographies. Most of the rest of the Nearctic 

 literature may be traced by use of Hedicke's catalog. 



I have studied the types at Cambridge, Quebec, Ithaca, Phila- 

 delphia, Claremont, Washington, Lawrence, and Stockholm. J. F. 

 Perkins has compared specimens for me with the Nearctic types at 

 London and at Oxford University. Application of the rest of the 

 names has been determined from literatiu-e. 



The Nearctic specimens of the more important collections have 

 been studied. In listing the location of specimens, institutional col- 

 lections are indicated in parentheses by the name of the city in which 

 the institution is located, and private collections by the name of the 

 owner in parentheses. To the various curators I extend sincere thanks 

 for making the material available to me. 



KEY TO THE SUBFAMU^IES OF GASTERUPTIIDAE 



Forewing with second recurrent and two or three intercubital veins present 

 (fig. 15, a-t), not folded upon itself when at rest; hind tibia sublinear, not 

 clavately swollen; hind coxa of female internally usually with a vertical or 

 oblique channel; maxilla and labium not anthophilous; parasites of wood- 

 boring Coleoptera and Symphyta Aulacinae 



Forewing without second recurrent and with only one intercubital vein (fig. 15, 

 j, k) or a faint second intercubital present in some exotic species, folded 

 lengthwise upon itself when at rest; hind tibia more or less swollen apically, 

 clavate; hind coxa of female internally without a channel; maxilla and labium 

 anthophilous; parasites of Sphecoidea and Apoidea nesting in wood or twigs. 



Gasteruptiinae 



