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and 30139) recorded from Jamaica by Bean and Dresel (1884, p. 169) 

 as Clupea humeralis. These specimens could be H. pensacolae carib- 

 baea, but they cannot be definitely recorded as such without an actual 

 examination of the material. 



The usual length of this subspecies is 48 to 61 mm. The largest 

 specimen examined (U.S.N. M. No. 94758) was 110 mm. in length 

 and was collected by Brother Elias at Puerto Colombia, Colombia, in 

 1935. 



This subspecies occurs along the Atlantic (Caribbean) coast of 

 Central and South America, from Nicaragua to Colombia, and in 

 Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico, in the West Indies, where it is 

 found in company with H. clupeola. It is collected with H. humeralis 

 in Col6n, Panama. 



Named for the Caribbean Sea. 



8. HARENGULA PENSACOLAE PENSACOLAE Goodeand Bean 



Sardine; Scaled Sardine; Alewife; Fat-back Minnow; Pilchard; Shiner 



Plate 3, Figures 7-8 



Clupea humeralis (not of Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1847, p. 293), Gunthee, 

 1868, p. 422 (synonymy and references excluded; description in part; range 

 in part; material in part). 



Harengula pensacolae Goode and Bean, 1879, p. 152 (original description; com- 

 parisons; material; Pensacola, Fla.) ; 1880, p. 343 (material; characters; 

 Clear Water Harbor, Fla.). — Jordan and Gilbert, 1882a, p. 268 (descrip- 

 tion). — LoNNBERG, 1894, p. 114 (abundance; method of capture; use; St. 

 Petersburg, Fla.). — Regan, 1917, pp. 387 (characters in key), 389 (synonymy 

 and references; description in part; material in part; exclude Trinidad). — 

 Jordan, 1918, p. 46 (validity; Atlantic coast). — Fowler, 1919, p. 151 (habitat; 

 behavior; method of capture; Useppa Island, Fla.); 1926, p. 250 (material; 

 size; coloration; Boca Grande, Fla.); 1933, p. 58 (material; size; Calcasieu 

 Lake, La.); 1940b, p. 2 (material; size; Boca Grande, Fla.); 1945, pp. 104 

 (common name, synonymy, and references; material; size; use; Ehzabeth 

 City, N. C); 266 (common name; material; Del Rey, Marco Bay, Key 

 West, Big Matecumbe Key, Card Sound, Fla.). — Jordan, Evermann, and 

 Clark, 1930, p. 44 (range; Florida). — Longley, 1932, p. 299 (nomenclature). 

 HuBBS, 1936, p. 174 (material; characters; nomenclatorial notes; compari- 

 sons; Champot6n, Campeche, Yucati'm). — Storey, 1938, pp. 3, 7, 13, 15, 

 18, 21, 23, 25, 33, 50, figs. 1, 2, 4-11, 13 (relationships; range, characters; 

 compared with H. majorina; description; diagnosis;; material; Key West, 

 Florida Keys, Cape Sable, Egmont Key, Cedar Keys, and Pensacola, Fla.; 

 Galveston, Tex., Yucatdn, Mexico). — Hildebrand, in Longley and Hilde- 

 brand, 1941, p. 11 (a synonym of H. macrophthalma; gill rakers). 



Clupea pensacolae, JonjiAN, 1884, p. 107 (common name; abundance; comparisons; 

 coloration; Key West, Fla.); 1887a, p. 36 (North America). — Jordan and 

 Swain, 1884, p. 230 (coloration; relationship; Cedar Keys, Fla.). — Henshall, 

 1891, p. 385 (abundance; occurrence; range; Florida Keys and west coast of 

 Florida). 



Harengula arcuata (not Clupea arcuata Jenyns, 1842, p. 134), Jordan, 1890, p. 646 

 (characters in key; material in part; Cedar Keys and Key West only). — 

 Henshall, 1891, p. 373 (common name; synonymy in part; abundance; 



