PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. 397 



tliiii pectoral rays, Tliey probably live off the bottom. Those with 

 thiokeiied pectoral rays are, for the most part, heavy, ami probably 

 live on the bottom much of the time. The genus approaches tiehas- 

 tlvhthys in its cranial armature, usually naked branchiostegals and 

 lower jaw, and in the large nnicns pores of the lower Jaw. It differs 

 from that genus in its separate parietals. 



ANALYSIS (IK TIIK SPECIES OF rXEKOPOnUS. 



a. Lower pectoral ra..\ s not tliickened. Maxillary, iiiaudiMe, and l(raiicliioste<>als 



more or less scaled. 

 b. ISuccal and gill cavities and peritoneum jet black. Pale below, dusky above, 

 blotched with reddish and black; a blackish blotch 

 on opercle; fins dull reddish, irregularly marked 

 with blackish, caudal mostly red, sometimes with a 

 black terminal bar. Short and deep, heavy anteri- 

 orly with slender caudal peduncle. Maxillary reach- 

 ing beyond pupil, 2^; iu head; jaws equal, the 

 lower mostly included, but with a projecting syni- 

 physeal knob. Eye, 2|-3 iu head; snout, 4j-6. The 

 two lower iircopercular spines directed downward 

 and liackward, the others back. Two or three strong 

 l)rcorbital spines. Gill-rakers short, ."> in orbit. 

 Highest dorsal spine, 2^ in head. Second anal sjiiue, 

 2 in head. Scales small, not regularly imbricated, 

 smooth and cycloid, except those on occiput and a 

 lew along the lateral line on posterior part of body; 

 snout naked, maxillary and mandible only ])artly 

 scaled. Head, 2A; depth, 8; D.XIII, 12; A.III, .^; 



tubes, 40-45. (Gilbert) sinensis, 1. 



/;/). Hiiccal and gill cavity white. 



c. Three or lour brownish bars on sides, reduced to dorsal blotches in the adult; 

 one on occiput, one including trout of dorsal, one 

 under posterior rays of dorsal, one under sol't dorsal, 

 and one on back of tail. Consjiicuous olive-brown 

 spots ou caudal, usually confined to base and upper 

 lobe of fin. Maxillary reaching to posterior margin 

 of "pupil, 2\ in head. Eye, 2f-3^ in head, much 

 longer than snout or iuterorbital width. Interorbital 

 fiattish, without ridges. Preorbital one-third pupil, 

 with two strong triangular lobes ending in spines. 

 Cranial ridges low. Preopercular spines directed 

 backward. Gill-rakers slender, 24^ in orbit. Highest 

 dorsal spine, 2^ in head. Second anal spine, 2-2A^ iu 

 head. Scales rough-ctenoid ou breast, maxillary, 

 mandible, and snout. Head, 2i-2;}; depth, 3-3^ iu 

 the length. D.XIII, 12 or 13; A.III, 7; tubes, 4.5. 

 (Gilbert) saxicoi>a, 2. 



cc. No crossbars. 

 d. Olive-green, marbled with darker ; sometimes brownish; no red anywhere. 

 Body oblong, not tapering rapidly. The lower jaw 

 somewhat projecting. Maxillary extending to be- 

 yond pupil, 2 iu head. Eye, 34- in head. Cranial 

 ridges low. Preorbital very narrow, with two stout 

 spines. Second preopercular spine longer and slen- 



