10 GEOLOGICAL SUEVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 



necessities of the Government so far as its dnties are concerned. I there- 

 fore venture to ask that additional i)Ower be ^iven it to increase its etB- 

 cieiicy, that it may continue to command tlio respect not only of men of 

 science, but of the intellij^ent world generally. 



To render the organization more [►erfect, so far as the topographical 

 portion is concerned, Mr. J. T. Gardner, so long favorably knowji as 

 the chief topographer of the geological survey of the fortieth parallel, 

 under the direction of Mr. Clarence King, has become associated with 

 me as chief of the topographical staff. Mr. Gardner brings with him 

 to this duty the ripe experience of ten years of topographical work, ex- 

 tending over an area from the TaciQc coast to the east base of the Eocky 

 Mountains. Mr. Gardner thus expresses his conception of a true topo- 

 graphical map for geological purposes : 



For making maps suited to geological purposes it is necessary to carry over the 

 country a systematic trigonometric and topogTapbical survey, checked by astronorai. 

 cal observations. The maps must represent the features of the country accurately, and 

 in bold relief; or, in other words, they must be a x>icture of the earth's surface as one 

 would see it looking down from above. 



The work of the survey as contemi^lated by the present organization 

 demands the \evy highest order of talent. To command this, it is neces- 

 sary that the young men who may embark in this enterprise should feel 

 a confidence in the permanency of the work, instead of regarding it as 

 a stepping-stone to more lucrative i)Ositions. Each professional assist- 

 ant is worth' to the Government from 50 to 100 per cent, more, every 

 succeeding year. To make thorough astronomical, topographical, mete- 

 orological, geological, and botanical researches, and to develop the min- 

 ing and agricultural resources properly, trained experts in all the differ- 

 ent departments are absolutely essential. Such men to identify them- 

 selves permanently with the survey must be paid in x>roportion to their 

 abilities. 



In conclu.sion,! would again extend my cordial thanks to the Lonora- 

 ble Secretary of the Interior, and to Hon. B. II. Coweu, Assistant Secre- 

 tary, for their prompt action and sympathy in every moveireut that 

 tended to promote the best interests of the survey. ' The broad discre- 

 tion and freedom of action which has at all times been given to the Chief 

 Geologist under the Department of the Interior have contributed very 

 greatly to its success. 



Yery respectfully, your obedient servant, 



r. Y. HAYDEN, 



United States Geologist 



Hon. C. Delano, 



Secretary of the Interior. 



