GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. Ill 



laminated with them are light-brown shale-like sandstones, which are 

 quite soft and break into numerous laminie. The layers of this sand- 

 stone vary in thickness from a few inches to eight feet. Just below 

 these beds are very coarse-grained limestones. The thickness from 

 the bottom of these limestoues to the top of the light-gray sandstones 

 mentioned above is 200 feet. The coarse limestones are followed by tine- 

 grained compact limestones, the weathered surfaces of which are white. 

 These pass by gradations into bluish argillaceous shales, containing a large 

 percentage of lime, (layer No. 11 in the^section.) These shales weather 

 of a white color and contain the following fossils : Trujonia Americamts, 

 Pinna, Camptonectes, and Modiola, proving their Jurassic age. They are 

 very flne-gniined and separate into lamimie of half an inch to two inches 

 thickness. They are very brittle also, and break readily, the plane of 

 cleavage being at right angles to the plane of deposit. The angle of 

 dip of these beds is 20°. Tlie distance from the bottom of these layers 

 to the toj) of the compact limstoue is 100 feet. All the above beds to 

 the conglomerates are probably Jurassic, while those above are Creta- 

 ceous. Next below the limestones are five feet of yellowish-brown 

 sandstone, followed by a bed of quartzite containing veins of quartz 

 and calcite in geodes, from which I obtained large crystals of calcite 

 of the variety known as dog-tooth spar. The lower portion of this bed, 

 which is about ten feet thick, is very irregular "in composition, seeming 

 to have been deposited in rough waters. It is succeeded by four feet 

 of very compact quartzite, which in turn is followed by a pebbly con- 

 glomerate of two feet. Next comes eight feet of quartzite succeeded 

 by alternaf e beds of quartzite and limestone, the thickness of the whol6 

 being 110 feet. Next come 30 feet of red sandstones, which are prob- 

 ably Jurassic, although not even a trace of any fossils can be found 

 in them ro prove it. The upper layers of tliese red beds contain 

 lime, the percentage of which decreases as we descend. The angle 

 of the dip is about 25°. The succession of these beds is shown in 

 the section given below. Below the red beds are immense beds of 

 carboniferous limestone, reaching to the bed of the creek, a distance of 

 4,'35 feet. The upper layers of this limestone are arenaceous. The 

 force that caused the .tipping up of the strata in Spring Gaiion was 

 some distance to the south and was dying away at this end of the range, 

 so that the older beds were not elevated sufficiently to be exposed to 

 the action of the stream and are therefore not shown. The carbonifer- 

 ous beds are crushed together in a confused mass, and it is difficult to get 

 at the 'true dip. The creek cutting through them has left huge masses 

 standing out on the sides, resembling castles, towers, &c. 



The following section, corresponding with Fig. 27, will perhaps show 

 the succession of the beds more clearly. The thicknesses are estimated. 



The section is in descending order. 



Thiclmesa 

 in feet. 



1. Red, purjile, and gray metamorphosed sandstones 



2. Brown liiiicstoue 



3. Gray sandstones . _ 



4. Couglouierates \ 



5. Brown limestone and interlaminate sandstones - 



6. Gray sandstone ". 



7. ( Coarse calc;ireons fossiliferons sandstone 



8. i With interlaminatedsbaly sandstones } 360 



9. Coarse limestone , 



10. Compact limestone 



11. Shaly arj^ilaeeons limestone 



12. Yellow-brown sandstone 5 



13. Quartzite with veins of calcite 10 



50 



