GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 225 



low domes, like those before encountered and described. Many of these 

 are broken away at the top, and the basins are often occupied by ponds; 

 these being the exact equivalent of the pond-holes already described as 

 having been seen near Market Lake, only these are at a less advanced 

 stage. By the dribbling outlet of one of these ponds, whose water was, 

 during the middle of the day at least, too warm to be agreeable for drink- 

 ing, we found a small flow of quite cold chalybeate water, of medium 

 strength. By one of these ponds, on the slopes toward Henry's Fork, 

 we camped on the evening of the 5th. 



Next morning, a few of us turned south westward, to try to find the re- 

 ported falls of Henry's Fork. About two miles from camp we struck the 

 bank of the river, at a point where it was just entering a basalt-caiion. 

 Following down stream for several miles, we found the walls gradually 

 increasing to 50 feet or more in height, but finally turned back without 

 reaching the falls, after having gone nearly twice the reported distance. 

 The falls are said to be below the end of this canon and about 80 feet 

 in height, the upi^er 40 feet consisting of rapids and the lower 40 being 

 a clear leap. For about ten miles above the caiion the country is open, 

 with gently-sloping, broad grassy bottoms and scattered groves. At sev- 

 eral points, large cold springs break out from beneath the basalt, evi- 

 dently being the outflow of streams which have been swallowed bodily," 

 higher up, by this cavernous bed. These are full of delicious trout. 

 For the next ten miles, dense timber runs to the river, which is again 

 walled by low outcrops of basalt. At first, fallen timber was very 

 troublesome and delayed the train badly. Since the second day out 

 from our Teton camp, we had been obliged to make our own road, but 

 now, on the banks of Fishing Creek, we found a trail which had, at 

 some recent time, been used by wagons, following our general course, 

 though it led us up Fishing Creek instead of the valley of Henry's Fork, 

 which here makes a large bend to the westward. Before long, the trail 

 became less marked and finally disappeared ; but we kept on to the head 

 of the stream, which proved to be one of the large springs so common 

 here, and then bore a little westward to regain the main stream, though 

 guided mainly by the summit of a peak which was said to stand on the 

 south side of Henry's Lake. Here we encountered excessively dense 

 growths of young pine, through which we forced our way with very great 

 difBculty, the packs continually requiring replacement. At length we 

 reached Henry's Fork and a trail almost simultaneously, and soon re- 

 joiced in a good road and a camp. . We were now done with bad timber 

 for some time. 



The season Avas now so far advanced that we began to find that min- 

 gling of spring and fall flowers which is characteristic of regions where 

 the summers are short. In the same field we often found violets, straw- 

 berry blossoms and fruit, monk's-hood, geraniums, everlastings, and 

 fringed gentians, {G. crinita.) This last was first seen on August 4. 

 Strawberries were found in considerable numbers as late as September 9. 



August 8. — Mr. Bechler examined the stream below our camp, and 

 found that it ran for several miles through a deep basalt caiion. At 

 and above camp, its bottoms are broad and flat, including some beaver- 

 dams, and the valley continues of that general character to the lake, 

 which is only a few miles distant. The groves are somewhat open, yet 

 nea,rly all the comparatively bare spots are well set with seedling pines, 

 which plainly need only protection from fire to soon make good all pre- 

 vious losses. Passing these, we soon ent^r the open grassy basin which 

 surrounds Henry's Lake. 



This is a broad, shallow sheet of water, said to average not more than 

 15 GS 



