444 



GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 



As the drift at Mr. Carleton's miue peuetrates almost horizontallj, 

 and nearly in the direction of the dip of the beds, of course it cuts 

 obliquely throuj^h them from below upward. Owinj]^ to the darkness in 

 the mine, however, and the presence of timbers at places, we conld not 

 examine the beds there very carefully ; but Mr. Carleton kindly ^sive 

 us the following detailed statement of their thickness, order of succes- 

 sion, &c.: 



Ft. In. 



A. Sandstone, forming? the roof of the coal and 



shale, containing Inoceramus 



B.Coal 127 Division 17 of 



C. Impure slaty coal and shale l^J* Coalville sec- 



D. Coal of good quality 3 4 3 tiou. 



E. Fire clay 12^ 



F. Soft gray sandstone, Inoceramus^ Unio, Car- \ 



diitm, and Anomla 12 



G. Dark-bluish, or nearly black, and lighter 



colored indurated clays, containing many 



fresh and some salt-water types of shells, 



such as Physa, Valvata, Cyrena, Neritina, 



Melampus, EuUma,, Turritella, &c 10 



H. Shale ... 40 



1. Soft rusty sandstone, with Cardium and I'rag- 



ments of other fossils 15 



J. Fire-clay , \ 



K. Coal - . ! 2 



L. Shale 10 7 



M. Dark sandy shale 20 | 



N. Sandstone 7 V 



O. Iron ore 4 | 



P. Dark shale G 3 



> Division 16. 



Division 15. 



Division 14. 



Although we could not, as stated, examine all of the beds and seams 

 of these divisions of the section in as much detail as desired, there being 

 no surface outcrops of the same here, we nevertheless did see nearly all 

 of them in place, with their characteristic fossils, in passing along the 

 drift or gallery leading to the coal, and in part innnediately over the 

 same. At some places in the mine, the clays and thin seams of coal 

 above the coal D had fallen in, so as to expose the overlying sandstone 

 A, and in the under surlace of this we saw many casts of Inoceramus. 

 In the bed F we likewise saw Inoceramus, Cardium, and imperfect ex- 

 amples of Unio, while from the dark clays G we ])icked a few shells, 

 when examining this bed in the drift. Considerable qiiantities of the re- 

 moved portions of all of these beds were also to be seen lying in heaps 

 at the entrance of the drift, and that from each couhl there be readily 

 identified by Mr. Carleton, so that we had no difficulty in referring all 

 of the fossils found in this loose material, which had not been long ex- 

 posed to the weather, to their proper beds. 



It was the opiui(m of the miners here that the sandstone A, in which 

 we saw casts of Inoceramus, in the mine, is the lower part of the massive 

 division' 18 of the section. Although this view was adopted in con- 

 structing the section, it is possible that it may be a lower bed of sand- 

 stone, separated from the base of the massive stratum IS by 50 or GO 

 feet of clay or other material, as there seemed to be rather too long a 

 slope between the base of the exposed part of the sandstone 18, seen 

 above, and the entrance of the drift, to be tilled by the beds obliquely 



