GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 525 



Adding to this several buudred feet of beds not well exposed, but which 

 must intervene between the westernmost ridge aud the point where the 

 dip ceases and the strata become horizontal, we have, at a moderate 

 calculation, from 2,100 to 2,500 feet of these whitish chiys and darker 

 shales and sandstones above the heavy-bedded sandstone in the bluff 

 which formed the lowest geological horizou in our hurried examination 

 at this point. We have no positive evidence as to the character of the 

 intermediate beds between the more widely separated ridges, as the 

 wash from the elevations and surface-soil covered all the evidences of 

 stratification. An artesian boring at the station gives a record ol 

 alternations of clays, shales, and soft arenaceous beds for some 540 feet, 

 which is probably the usual character of the softer beds generally. 

 The greater part of this thickness is probably of Tertiary age } the lower 

 IJortion, however, may belong to the upper part of the Cretaceous. 

 There are no positive evidences of any unconformability, notwithstand- 

 ing the sudden lessening of the angle of the dip, and no recognizable 

 horizon of separation of the two formations in the whole series above 

 the heavy sandstone. 



Bitter Greek. — From Separation we passed on by railroad to Bitter 

 Creek, making no stoppage at intermediate stations. For the whole 

 distance there appeared to be only exposures of higher Tertiary beds, 

 mostly horizontal, or nearly so, which till the trough between these sta- 

 tions. At Bitter Creek we stopped over one day and examined these 

 upper beds, as they are to be seen in the immediate vicinity of the sta- 

 tion and in the hill known under the name of Table Eock, some four 

 miles or more distant. 



Table Rock is a spur of the range of Tertiary hills which appear for a 

 long distance on the southern side of the railroad-, and also to some extent 

 in conical outlines to the northward. In its upper portion it is itself an 

 outlier, the strata of which this part of the hill is composed having been 

 washed away in its immediate vicinitj^. The section it afforded is as 

 follows, the beds numbered from above downward : 



Section of the beds ex;posed in Table Eoelc. 



Ft. lu. 



1. Hard brownish sandstone, largely made up of im- ^ 



perfect casts of Unto, &c ., 15 



2. Shale, partly carbonaceous . . C 



3. Light-brownish sandstone, massive and incoherent.. 20 



4. Sandy shales, light-colored 3 0.. 



5. Same as ^^o. 3 12 f "^^ 



6. Shaly sandstone, light-brown or buff 20 



7. Sandstone, same as No. 3 12 



8. Light-colored shaly sandstone, with intercalated beds 



of clay and shale 240 ', 



9. Harder and slightly darker colored sandstone, with ^ 



a great abundance of fossils, &c., Melania, Vivi2)a- 



riis, &G., toj) of first bench 12 



10. Shaly beds , 25 , -o 



11. Sandstone beds, containing Melama, Unio, &c 10 ' ' 



12. Shaly beds, with a few intercalated thin layers of 



harder sandstone, and a four-foot seam of dark 



shale, about midway from top to bottom 134 3 



From the summit of the rock we observed, five or six miles away to the 

 eastward, benches composed of beds superior in position to any in the 

 above section, the thickness of which I roughly estimated at 200 feet. 

 The thicknesses of the different members of the 'section itself are in a 



