GEOLOGICAL SUEVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 573 



the tail must have been short and slender. The articular face of the 

 first is a transverse, rather broad ellipse, and twice the diameter of tho 

 thinl distally. Theiliaimphysis of the second is much the stoutest. It 

 unites with the subvertical plate-like diapophysis of the first as well as 

 with that of the third. It is concave above, and teruiiiiates distally iu 

 a massive L-shaped surface of articulation with the ilium. The foram- 

 ina inclosed by the diapophyses are quite lar^e. The inferior face of 

 the first sacral centrum is slightly concave with a hypai>ophysial tuber- 

 osity iu front ; it is strongly concave in the second. 



Measurements of vertehrce. 



M. 



Antero-posterior tlianieter of dorsal 0. 044 



Diameter at bntt(>ni iiemal arch do 040 



Length base of iienraj)(>i)h ysis 041 



Diaiueter centniui lain bar, (vertical) 090 



Diameter centrum lumbar, (transverse) HO 



Diameter centrum lumbar, (antero-posterior) 030 



Length three sacral vertebne 2'io 



Transverse extent of sacrum, (15 inches) :, 



Diameter first vertebra at free end, (transverse) (4.G inches) 1-^2 



Diameter lirst vertebra at free end, (vertical) (J93 



Diameter last vertebra at free end. (vertical) 0;il 



Diameter last vertebra at free end, (transverse) 065 



Total expanse of heads of rib 106 



Diameter cajntular face, (vertical) , 048 



Diameter tul)ercular,( vertical) 030 



AVidth rib just below head 050 



Bcstoration. — We may ascribe to the Loxolophod on cornutus, form and 

 proportions of body similar to those of the elephant. The limbs, how- 

 ever, were somewhat sliorter, as the femur is stouter for its length than 

 in the E. indicus. It was similar in this respect to certain species of 

 mastodon. The tail was quite small. The neck was a little longer 

 than in the elephants, 'but much less than in the rhinoceroses; the 

 occipital crest gave attachments to the ligamcntum nnchw and muscles 

 of the neck, which must needs have been powerful to su[)port the long 

 muzzle with its osseotis prominences, and to handle with efiect the terri- 

 ble laniary tusks. The head must have been sui)ported somewhat 

 obliquely downwards, ])resenting the horns somewhat forwards as well 

 as upwards. The third or posterior pair of horns towered above the 

 middle ones, extending verti(;ally with a divergence, when the head was 

 at rest. The posterior and middle pair of horns were no doubt covered 

 by integument iu some shape, but whether dermal or corneous is 

 uncertain. Their penetrating foramina are smaller than in the Bovidcc. 

 The cores have remotely the I'orm of those of the Antilocapra ameyicana, 

 whence I suspect that the horns had an inner process, or were i)almate 

 as in the prong-horn at present inhabiting the same region. The misal 

 shovels may have supported a pair of fiat divergent dermal horus, but 

 this is uncertain; they are not very rugose. 



The elevation of the animal at the rump was about 6 feet, distributed 

 as follows : 



Measurements. 



Inches. 



Foot 4. .50 



Tibia 20.50 



Femur 31.75 



Pelvis ] 6. (.0 



•3.75 



