40 Mr. H. J. Carter on Arctic 



73. 10. 35. 1, and its unmistakable whale-ship odour . It is 

 6^ inches long and 3^ inches across the long diameter of the 

 mouth, whose sides appear to have been partly brought into 

 contact by compression, although the brim is cleft. Fourthly, 

 one of the sponges dredged up by Sir James Ross at 74^° south 

 latitude, in 300 fths., is also a Suberite. This, too, is in the 

 British Museum, and will be described in the account of the 

 Suberitida to which I have alluded. 



Besides the specimens of Semisuherites arctica in this jar, 

 there are two branched sprigs of the Hydrozoon Eudendrium 

 ramosum (Hincks, Brit, Hyd. Zoophytes, Atlas, pi. xiii.), 

 each about three inches long ; and these, again, are more or less 

 covered with parasitic Foraminifera of the rotaline type (chiefly 

 Pulvi7ndina) ^ a great variety of Diatomacese, and here and there 

 an acervular calcareous Polyzoon; while the Balanus-^\\Q\\ 

 on which the sponges grew bears the beautiful little nutant 

 horny Poly zoon Pedicellina gracilis (fig. l,e and fig. 5) in 

 great plurality on its creeping stoloniferous stem, and here 

 and there the little Infusorium Lagotia viridis of Strethill 

 Wright (Edinb. New Phil. Journ. 1858), Freia ampulla^ Clap. 

 etLachm., abundant here (Budleigh-Salterton) andonthe sedges 

 of the brackish marshes in the island of Bombay — thus, like 

 the little Protococcus nivalis^ flourishing equally in the arctic 

 regions and in the torrid zone, where I found it in 1849 

 (see my jjaper " On tlie Red Colouring-matter in the Salt- 

 pans of Bombav," Journ. Bomb. Asiat. Soc. vol. iii. pt. 2, 



Having obtained some ot the sea-bottom from the jars in 

 the British Museum holding the sponges dredged up in the 

 Antarctic Sea by Sir James Ross, to which I have alluded, 

 and also movmted it in balsam for microscopical examination, 

 I did the same with the sea-bottom from tlie jar containing 

 Semisuherites arctica from Smith Sound,. when I found that 

 the two so far agreed that there was not a Coccolith or a 

 Rhabdolith to be found in either, and that, while the sea- 

 bottom from the antarctic regions contained hardly any Globi- 

 geriiue^ that from Smith Sound contained none at all. In other 

 respects, as regards microscopic organisms, they were much 

 alike, excepting that, whereas in the antarctic sand Radiolaria 

 of the genera Hcdiomma and Dictyocha abounded, I only found 

 one Dictyocha in the sand from Smith Sound. 



Now the sea-bottom accompanying Sir James Ross's speci- 

 mens came from 300 fths. in 74^° south latitude, while that 

 from Smith Sound was from 50 fths. in about 79° north lati- 

 tude — that is, oft' Cape Napoleon. 



From Dr. Wallich's observations in H.M.S. ' Bulldog,' in 



