Distribution of Birds in North Russia. 185 



Explanation of the Spnbols and Arranffement in thefollmcing Tables. 



Insufficient data, or unrecorded, or ascertained absence, a space left 

 blank. Present, | . Rare, -I-. Common, ||. Very common, ft- 

 Very abimdant, Jf. Once, twice, or thrice seen, and added to the 

 fauna without doubt, i^, |^, 5- Generally distributed, o. Locally 

 distributed, ©. Sporadical, accidental, *. Resident, R. Summer visi- 

 tant, s. Migrant, passing northwards in spring, /^ . Migrant, passing 

 southwards in autumn, \j . Winter, w. 



Species which are of extremely doubtful occurrence in any part of the 

 North of Russia (which can scarcely be admitted at all to the fauna) 

 have their names enclosed in brackets and are not numbered (example, 

 Falco sacer, in Table). Those species which were thus enclosed in 

 the last part of this paper as of extremely doubtful occurrence in the 

 Northern Division, but which can distinctly be admitted to the fauna 

 of the Southern Division Jiave the brackets removed, and become entitled 

 to a number preceding them (vide Tetanus sfagtiatilis, in Table). As in 

 Part II. the niunber of the authority who gives a doubtfid record (for 

 the Southern Division) is also enclosed in brackets, thus (20). 



In the " Reference to Authorities " column, I have also thought it ad- 

 visable to use square brackets upon occasions, especially round Sabaniieft's 

 No. 22, thus [22]. This indicates the probable or possible occurrence of 

 certain species within the limits of the Southern Division, according 

 to authors' showing, which species are known to occur close to our 

 southern boundary, or which are known to have occm-red north of our 

 northern boundary. As this cannot, however, admit them to positive 

 record, I do not give them place in the district coluimis. In other words, 

 the square brackets simply indicate such species as may still be expected 

 to occur in the Southern DmsiON. 



In the column for the consecutive numbers which precede the names of 

 the species : — 



Roman (or ordinary tlain) type distinguishes such species as are common 

 to the two Drv^isiONS ; and with these are included such as have certainly 

 occurred in one or other Division (but in which is still zincertain^). 



Clarendon (or thick) type is used to distinguish the species which occur 

 in the Northern Division, but not in the Southern. 



Old-cut type (e.g. 3) is used to distinguish those which occur in the 

 Southern Division, but not in the Northern. Doubtful records are 

 not taken notice of in these distinctions. 



And, as already explained, such species as are totally rejected have no 

 number printed before them. 



' For a list of these, vide Summaries, infra, page 201. 



Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 4. Vol. xx. l:^ 



