Rev. T. Hincks on British Polyzoa. 531 



swells out at intervals into ovate expansions from which the 

 cells originate, as in the genus jEtea. These give rise to 

 secondary cells, which bud from their upper extremity *. 



Even in the genus j^tea we meet with one case, at least, 

 in which gemmation from a stolon is combined with gemmation 

 from the cell itself. In ^^tea truncata the zoooecia are usually 

 developed on a creeping stem, which is sometimes divided by 

 joints into more or less fusiform internodes. But occasionally 

 a long and slender tubular offshoot rises from the back of the 

 primary cell, terminating above in a zoooecium ; from this 

 secondary zoooecium another tubular offshoot is in some cases 

 developed, bearing a thivd cell. Beyond this I have not seen 

 the process of gemmation carried. The tubular stem, pro- 

 ceeding from the dorsal surface of a cell and bearing another 

 cell at its extremity, must be regarded as a kind of pedicel f, 

 and we have therefore in jEtea truncata the direct develop- 

 ment of cell from cell, as well as the production of zoooecia by 

 budding from a stolon. This seems to be the case amongst 

 the Crisiidce also, according to Ehlers. 



In the presence of these facts I cannot regard the Stoloni- 

 fera as a suborder. 



Suborder Ctenostomata, Busk. 



Group 1. HazcyonelleAj Ehr. 



Zoarium fleshy ; zoooecia developed by budding from other 

 zoooecia. 



Group 2. StoloniferAj Ehlers. 



Zoarium horny or membranous ; zoooecia developed by 

 budding from the internodes of a distinct stolon or stem. 



The Stolonifera (= Vesicular iidce^ Johnst.) range them- 

 selves under two divisions : in one the tentacles form a perfect 

 circle ; in the other, two of them are constantly bent outwards 

 and the circle is broken on one side. 



For the species in which this remarkable peculiarity was 

 first noticed I constituted the genus Campylonema ; but 1 have 

 since ascertained that it has a wider range, and occurs, 

 amongst others, in the well-known Valkeria uva^ Fleming. 

 It is met with only in species of the simplest structure, which 



* In some cases, however, the colony commences with a line of decum- 

 bent and adnate cells, assuming the habit of Hippothoa, and from these 

 the erect shoots rise. I believe that these decumbent cells must be re- 

 garded as the morphological equivalent of the creeping stolon, and that 

 the more or less clavate swellings which occur on the latter, in both JEtea 

 and Uucratea, are in fact aborted cells. 



t The primary cells, it may be noted, are sometimes pedicellate. 



36* 



