518 Mr. D. M. S. Watson on the Cynodontia. 



R. 2572. The detached occiput figured by Seeley (Phil. 

 Trans. B. vol. 186, p. 130). Direct comparison and measure- 

 ments leave no doubt of the specific determination of this 

 important fragment. 



R. 3604. 1 'he detached and absolutely perfectly preserved 

 maxilla figured by Seeley (Geol. Mag. 1908, p. 486). 



R. 4103. A dorso-ventrally crushed skull lacking the 

 premaxillse and part behind the orbits, but giving a good 

 palate. 



R. 4101. An uncrushed snout, with the bone of the 

 upper and outer surfaces weathered away, but showing the 

 posterior part of the palate perfectly. 



Measurements on the teeth leave no doubt of the specific 

 identity of all these skulls. From them I have drawn fig. 9. 



The palate of Cynoynathus, although it is morphologically 

 identical with that of Gotnphognatkus; Watson, 1911, presents 

 a somewhat different appearance owing to the slenderness of 

 the caudal part of the skull and the powerful snout. Seeley's 

 original accurate but difficult account of the basicranial region 

 was added to by the writer, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1911, 

 ser. 8, vol. viii. pp. 293-330. 



The pterygoid has no quadrate ramus and is very short 

 anteriorly, the vomer forming the whole of the roof of the 

 groove in the palate, and separating the pterygoids to the 

 beginning of the ptery go-paras phenoid bar. 



The palatine is in contact with the vomer throughout its 

 length. The ectopterygoid is a small bone lying at the root 

 of the huge pterygoid flange and completely surrounded by 

 other bones. 



The isolated maxilla R. 3604 shows anteriorly the posterior 

 part of the very deep pit for the reception of the lower canine, 

 the whole anterior margin of its secondary plate being a 

 sutural surface for the premaxilla. It is obvious that the 

 structure must have been different from that of Lycognatlius 

 as described by Broom, Phil. Trans. B, vol. 206, p. 44. This 

 maxilla also shows that there was a minute septomaxillary 

 foramen opening forward at the posterior margin of the 

 nostril. 



Protacmon brachyrhinus, gen. et sp. n. 



Type a beautifully preserved skull, with lower jaw in 

 apposition, from the Cynognathus-zone, Essex, Dist. Albert, 

 Cape Province, S. Africa, collected by the author. 



This specimen presents an interesting accident of preserva- 

 tion. Although perfectly preserved and with the teeth tightly 



