Oviposition in Phyllomedusa Iheriiigii. 463 



make their appearance ; at other times not one is to be seen, 

 probably because they establish tliemselves high up in the 

 trees. Being otherwise engaged, 1 have not been able this 

 year to follow out the development of Phyllomedusa, but hope 

 to do so next season. 



This mode of oviposition appears to constitute a passage 

 to that known in Hylodes ; the development in the latter, 

 however, is entirely atmospheric, and only partly so in Phyllo- 

 medusa. A similar mode of protecting the earlier stage of 

 life is known to me in a Dipterous insect, probably Stratiomys, 

 the egg-masses of which are also attached to leaves overhang- 

 ing the water; but it is probably as yet unknown among 

 Vertebrates. 



Remarks in Connexion loith the preceding Note. 

 By G. A. BOULENGEK. 



In regard to Dr. v. Ihering's highly interesting commu- 

 nication, I beg to remark that the fact observed is not new 

 among frogs. Another arboreal form j^^^''' excellence^ Chiro- 

 mantis rufescens, Gtlir. (= C- guineensis^ Buchh. & Ptrs.), 

 from West Africa, belonging to the family Kanidas, thus 

 widely remote from the Hyloid genus Phylloraedusa^ deposits 

 its eggs in a similar way, as we know from a note published 

 by Buchholz. This observer, when collecting in Cameroon, 

 noticed, in the latter part of June, some large snow-white 

 froth-like masses fixed to the leaves of a low tree hanging 

 over a pool. On examination these masses proved to con- 

 tain freshly hatched frog-larvae and eggs, which were ^ater 

 identified as those of the above-named Cliiromantis. He 

 succeeded in rearing the embryos, which developed a powerful 

 tail, external gills, &c., as in the common frog. The froth- 

 like surrounding does not afford nourishment for more than 

 three or four days to the larvie, which are then dropped into 

 the water, perhaps with the assistance of rain. The egg-mass 

 is sometimes deposited at a height of 10 feet above the water, 

 frequently attached to several leaves stuck together. 



1 have endeavoured to bring together in a synoptic table 

 the precise facts actually known respecting the mode in which 

 tailless Batrachians deposit or protect their offspring, and I 

 have added a few references for the use of those who may 

 wish for fuller particulars. 



I. The ovum is small aud tlio larva leaves it in a comparativelv early 

 embryonic condition. 



A. The ova are laid in the water. 



Probably the majority of ]ktrachians; all European forms except 

 Alytes. 



