Bear from the Cromer Forest-bed. 207 
here adopted. Freudenberg considers that probably both 
U. deningert and U, savini are derived from U. etruscus or 
some related form, and that U. savint may be the ancestor of 
U, speleus. 
Among the specimens lent by Mr. Savin there is also a 
right maxilla of a small bear which is of great interest. The 
canine, pm‘, m!, and m?* are present, and the socket for a 
small pm*. It is peculiar for the great depth of the maxilla 
between the antorbital foramen and the cheek-teeth, and the 
animal must have had a very short deep muzzle. It is much 
too small to fit any of the mandibles preserved, but at the 
same time the teeth show the complex tuberculation charac- 
teristic of the Speleearctine group, so that it may indicate the 
existence of very small individuals of U. savini. The teeth 
are quite unlike those of U. arvernensis. 
The dimensions of the teeth in this specimen (in milli- 
metres) are :— 
Canine, length at base of crown 18, width at base of crown LO. 
Pm, length 17, width 12. 
M', ma eOs daa! | LZ. 
Mm, *), 365, , 18. 
Too much importance must not be attached to this specimen, 
as it seems to be much restored; but if it actually belongs to 
a small Ursus savini, it indicates that that animal had a deep 
skull with a short muzzle, which agrees with the short 
diastema in the mandible. 
A number of limb-bones are preserved: these, especially 
the tibia, indicate that this species was a heavily built short- 
legged animal. In Ursus speleus also the limbs are rela- 
tively short. 
A left maxilla of a very large bear is included among the 
specimens lent by Mr. Savin (no. 745, Overstrand). The 
two molars are well preserved, but somewhat worn ; these 
dimensions are: m}, length 30 mm., width 21; m’, length 
50 mm., width 23°5. The posterior lobe of m, is remarkably 
long and narrow; the tuberculation of the crowns of the 
molars seems to have been less complex than usual in Ursus 
speleus. It is just possible that this maxilla may belong toa 
very large individual of U. savini, but it is far too large to be 
associated with any of the mandibles in the Collection ; 
possibly it belongs to the bear referred to by Newton as 
Ursus ferox-fossilis(?). More material is necessary before any 
certain determination is possible. 
