446 Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles. 
M. Couerbe obtained from 40 pounds (French) of opium, the fol- 
lowing products : 
1 ounce of meconin, 
14 ounce of codeia, 
$ ounce of narceia, 
] ounce of thebaia, 
50 ounces of morphia. 
The narcotina, which remained in the marc, was not extracted.— 
Ann. de Ch. et de Ph., lix.136. 
NEW RENAL CALCULUS. 
There has been recently found in the kidney of a young girl 20 
years old, who died of a calculous disorder, several calculi which pre- 
sent some remarkable particulars. The largest of these calculi 
weighed about 19 grs.; it was rounded, and covered with several ex- 
crescences resembling the mulberry calculus. Its composition offers 
an example not yet noticed of the association of oxalate and carbo- 
nate of lime, being composed, according to an analysis of M. Bour- 
chardat, of about 0:4 of oxalate of lime, 0°2 of carbonate of lime, and 
colouring matter, blood, and loss 0°4. A notable quantity of iron was 
detected in the organic portion of the calculus.—LE’ Institut, 24 Fev. 
1836. 
SOLIDIFICATION OF CARBONIC ACID. 
M. Thilorier has read to the Academy of Sciences a memoir con- 
taining an account of the means by which he rendered carbonic acid 
solid; and he also gave some details respecting liquid carbonic acid. 
He finds the specific gravity of the liquid acid to be *83, water 
being 1-; it dissolves in all proportions in alcohol and ether : 
potassium decomposes it, but the common metals do not. A jet of 
carbonic acid, directed upon a spirit thermometer, caused it fall to 
194°* below zero Fahr. The cold would have been still greater if 
the bulb of the thermometer could have been entirely covered by 
the jet. 
The solidification of carbonic acid was effected in the following 
manner: a jet of liquid carbonic acid was received in a glass vial ; 
the expansion which it undergoes is about 400 times its original 
volume, and by this so intense a cold is produced that one part of the 
carbonic acid congeals in a white powder and adheres to the glass. 
This powder exists for some minutes, and without any pressure. If 
the finger be placed on solid carbonic acid, the heat converts it into 
gas, the expansion of which repels the finger. A few grains of this 
powder, closed in a vessel, soon expelled the cork. 
Solid carbonic acid contains a little water, which is doubtless derived 
from the moisture of the air. In order, however, to remove all doubts, 
it would be necessary to get rid of the hygrometric moisture, both of 
the air and of the vessels, because it might be supposed that this 
* These are lower temperatures than have ever before been artificially 
produced, and lower also, we believe, than any which have yet been ob- 
served in nature.—Epir, 
