530 Mr. Charlesworth on the Crag, and on ascertaining 
being desirous that the grounds upon which I have adopted - 
this opinion should be fairly placed before those to whom the 
geological history of our own island is an object of interest, 
I propose in the course of the following observations to enter 
more minutely into the merits of that question. 
An attempt has been made to explain the relation which 
the divisions of the crag bear to each other by assuming that 
the lower or coralline beds constitute the only original deposit, 
from which the rest of the fossiliferous strata above the Lon- 
don clay in Suffolk and the adjoining counties have been de- 
rived, by the operation of diluvial agents. 
It may perhaps appear hardly necessary to enter upon the 
refutation of a theory which is so irreconcilable with recorded 
facts, but as it is desirable that no stumbling block should lie 
in the way of future investigation, I shall advert to some of 
the points which are especially opposed to its reception. 
Until the subject was recently brought before the notice of 
the Geological Society, our available sources of local infor- 
mation respecting the crag and its organic remains were almost 
entirely confined to the published observations of Mr. R. C. 
Taylor and Mr. Samuel Woodward, the former of whom had 
paid great attention to the tertiary deposits of Norfolk and _ 
Suffolk, and to whose exertions, I believe, we are indebted 
for the first list of their characteristic fossils. I might, per- 
haps, reasonably inquire how far the diluvial character as- 
signed to the red crag is consistent with the results attending 
my own personal investigation. For the present, however, 
I am anxious that your attention should be drawn to several 
passages occurring in the works of the above-named writers, 
and which are certainly calculated to throw some light upon 
the point at issue if the matter be really one requiring elu- 
cidation. 
Mr. Taylor’s interesting memoir on the geology of Eastern 
Norfolk was published in 1827, but his range of observation 
was by no means limited to the particular district which he 
there professes to describe. We find, however, no allusion 
to the Ramsholt stratum, although he had evidently extended 
his researches into the adjoining county and explored the coral 
reefs of Aldborough and Orford. A circumstance which ap- 
pears to have particularly arrested the attention of Mr. Taylor 
during his investigation of the crag was the natural distribution 
of its fossil Testacea, the occurrence of which he points out in 
that part of the formation which we have lately been informed 
“‘is decidedly diluoium or disrupted crag.” At page 15, he 
remarks, ‘‘it is characteristic of the shells and other organic 
bodies deposited with the crag, that they are by no means dif- 
