LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS XIII 



Page 



49. Strike-a-light (pouch for holding flint and steel). Comanche Indians, 



Texas 66 



50. Flint and steel. Guadalajara Indians, Mexico 67 



51. Strike-a-light. China 67 



52. Smokers' pipe-lighting outfit (showing flint, steel, pipe pick, and 



pincers) . Koords of Bhotan, Eastern Turkey 67 



53-54. 53. Rush fire set pouch. 54. Strike-a-light. Flint, steel, and 



tinder box. Ainos of Yezo, Japan 68 



55. Tinder box (showing mounted steel, flint, and bundle of shaving 



matches; box one-third natural size). Japan 70 



56. Smokers' strike-a-light. Tokio, Japan 71 



Contribution to the comparative anatomy of the eared and 



EARLESS SEALS (GENERA ZaLOPHUS AND PhOCa) 



By A. Brazier Howell 



1. Typical terrestrial postures of an eared seal (sea lion or otariid, 



Zalophus) and earless seal (true seal or Procid, Phoca, above) 3 



2. Dorsal view of the skull or Zalophus showing areas of muscle attach- 



ments labeled in capital letters; names of bones in small type 10 



3. Dorsal view of the skull of Phoca hispida, showing areas of muscle 



attachments and (in small type) names of bones 11 



4. Ventral view of the skull of Zalophus: names of bones in small type.. 14 



5. Ventral view of the skull of Phoca hispida: names of bones in small 



type 15 



6. Lateral view of the left mandible of Zalophus (Z) and of Phoca hispida 



(P), showing areas of muscle attachments 18 



7. Lateral view of the left scapula of Zalophus (Z) and Phoca hispida (P) 



with areas of muscle attachments 25 



8. Left view of the anterior limb bones of Zalophus (Z) and Phoca hispida 



(P) in approximate positions in which they are usually carried in 



life 26 



9. Left humerus of Zalophus (Z) and Phoca hispida (P) ; in lateral view 



above and medial below 28 



10. Left radius and ulna of Zalophus (Z) and Phoca hispida (P) ; in lateral 



view above and medial below 31 



11. Left innominate bone of Zalophus (Z) and Phoca hispida (P) 35 



12. Left femur of Zalophus (Z) and Phoca hispida (P); anterior aspect 



above and posterior below 37 



13. Left tibia and fibula of Zalophus (Z) and Phoca hispida (P); in lateral 



view above and medial below 40 



14. Dorsal view of left tarsus and metatarsus of Zalophus (Z) and Phoca 



hispida (P) 42 



15. Left aspect of Zalophus (Z) and Phoco hispida (P), showing platysma- 



panniculus carnosus sheet of musculature 49 



16. Dorsal musculature of Zalophus: superficial layer upon the left and 



much of the next deeper layer to the right of the medial line 54 



17. Dorsal musculature of Phoca hispida: superficial layer upon the left 



and much of the next deeper layer to the right of the medial line.. 55 



18. Ventral musculature of Zalophus: superficial layer upon the right and 



much of the next deeper layer to the left of the medial line 60 



19. Ventral musculature of Phoco hispida: superficial layer upon the right 



and much of the next deeper layer to the left of the medial line 61 



