feeding ground, as the many old trails and wallows still 

 testify; and the sight of a freshly made wallow, situated 

 side by side with one grass-grown and faint in outline, 

 or the spectacle of a number of the denizens of Buffalo 

 Park filing along one of the old-time trails to the same 

 waters at which their predecessors of the plains slaked 

 their thirst, is singularly impressive. 



Since the first arrivals in 1907, each year (excepting 

 the year 1908) has witnessed further shipments, which 

 have been placed in Buffalo Park, the total number 

 received from Mr. Pablo up to the present time being 

 709 head. 



Three hundred and twenty-five of the buffalo first 

 placed in Elk Island Park were transferred to the more 

 suitable range in Buffalo Park in 1909, the loading being 

 accomplished in the record time of three days, and the loss 

 by accident being less than one per cent. Seventy-seven 

 head were also transferred from Banff to Buffalo Park, 

 and these, together with thirty head purchased last year 

 from the Conrad estate at Kalispell, Mont., are being 

 crossed with the Pablo herd, a measure which will prevent 

 the evils of undue inbreeding. 



To facilitate these arrangements, two cross fences 

 have been run across the range, dividing it into three 

 parts. About 7,000 acres are used as a winter range. 

 The buffalo are driven in about the first of December, 

 and out again in the spring, the grass being allowed to 

 grow all summer to provide feed for the following winter. 

 There is also kept a supply of stacked hay cut from hay 

 meadows within Buffalo Park sufficient to provide one and 

 one-half tons for each animal, in case of particularl}^ severe 

 weather; but not more than one-half ton per head has 

 been consumed during each of the past winters. 



To protect the park from prairie fires, a strip twenty feet 

 wide has been plowed on each side of the fence, through- 

 out its entire length; a number of cross-guards have also 

 been broken up. In order to keep these fire-guards in a 

 state of efficiency, they are worked over each year, in- 

 volving for a one-horse team a journey of some 500 miles. 

 This fire-guard has already demonstrated its usefulness, 



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