﻿8 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  vol.98 
  

  

  136. 
  Posterior 
  margin 
  of 
  anterior 
  bony 
  edge 
  of 
  preopercle 
  with 
  a 
  

  

  concavity 
  near 
  its 
  lower 
  corner. 
  

  

  14fl. 
  Anus 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  tips 
  of 
  pelvic 
  fins, 
  usually 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  first 
  

  

  dorsal 
  origin 
  (central 
  tropical 
  Pacific 
  westward 
  to 
  

  

  Africa 
  and 
  tropical 
  western 
  Atlantic) 
  -Allanetta 
  Whitley 
  

  

  146. 
  Anus 
  behind 
  tips 
  of 
  pelvic 
  fins 
  and 
  under 
  base 
  of 
  spiny 
  

  

  dorsal 
  fin 
  (central 
  tropical 
  Pacific 
  westward 
  to 
  Africa). 
  

  

  Hypoatherina, 
  new 
  genus 
  

   126. 
  Rami 
  of 
  mandibles 
  not 
  elevated 
  (figs. 
  3d 
  and 
  3e). 
  

  

  15a. 
  Bases 
  of 
  dorsal, 
  anal, 
  and 
  pectoral 
  fins 
  naked 
  (central 
  and 
  

  

  western 
  Pacific 
  and 
  Australian 
  region) 
  Pranesus 
  Whitley 
  

  

  156. 
  Bases 
  of 
  dorsal, 
  anal, 
  and 
  pectoral 
  fin 
  rays 
  with 
  scales 
  

   (western 
  Atlantic 
  from 
  Florida 
  to 
  Brazil). 
  

  

  Atherinomorus 
  Fowler 
  

   56. 
  Edge 
  of 
  premaxillary 
  concave 
  or 
  gape 
  of 
  mouth 
  concave 
  and 
  premaxil- 
  

   laries 
  notably 
  dilated 
  or 
  broadened 
  posteriorly 
  (figs. 
  4a-e) 
  ; 
  rictus 
  more 
  

   or 
  less 
  restricted 
  at 
  rear 
  corner 
  or 
  side 
  of 
  mouth 
  by 
  a 
  membrane 
  folding 
  

   between 
  jaws; 
  anus 
  usually 
  close 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  anal 
  origin 
  or 
  far 
  in 
  ad- 
  

   vance 
  of 
  it 
  in 
  Archomenidki 
  and 
  Adenops; 
  anal 
  fin 
  origin 
  behind 
  or 
  in 
  

   front 
  of 
  first 
  dorsal 
  fin 
  origin 
  ; 
  pelvics 
  usually 
  inserted 
  a 
  little 
  closer 
  

   to 
  anal 
  origin 
  than 
  to 
  upper 
  edge 
  of 
  pectoral 
  base 
  except 
  in 
  Adenops 
  and 
  

   Atherion; 
  ascending 
  premaxillary 
  processes 
  of 
  two 
  types 
  : 
  If 
  spinelike, 
  

   not 
  meeting 
  its 
  fellow 
  along 
  midline 
  except 
  at 
  tips 
  ; 
  if 
  short 
  and 
  broad- 
  

   based, 
  meeting 
  along 
  midline. 
  

   16o. 
  Spinules 
  in 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  parallel 
  rows 
  on 
  head 
  and 
  especially 
  on 
  under 
  

   side 
  and 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  eye 
  ; 
  premaxillary 
  and 
  dentary 
  with 
  shagreen- 
  

   like 
  denticles 
  covering 
  their 
  outer 
  surfaces 
  ; 
  air 
  bladder 
  and 
  body 
  

   cavity 
  ending 
  bluntly 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  anal 
  origin 
  and 
  not 
  extending 
  into 
  

   haemal 
  arches 
  ; 
  anus 
  just 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  anal 
  fin 
  origin, 
  scarcely 
  advanced 
  

   in 
  position 
  ; 
  first 
  dorsal 
  origin 
  a 
  little 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  a 
  vertical 
  line 
  through 
  

   anus 
  and 
  slightly 
  closer 
  to 
  tip 
  of 
  snout 
  than 
  to 
  caudal 
  fin 
  base 
  ; 
  mouth 
  

   small, 
  maxillary 
  not 
  reaching 
  orbit 
  ; 
  rami 
  of 
  mandibles 
  strongly 
  

   elevated 
  ; 
  ascending 
  premaxillary 
  process 
  a 
  short, 
  broad, 
  truncate, 
  

   platelike 
  projection, 
  no 
  lateral 
  processes 
  on 
  premaxillary 
  (fig. 
  2g) 
  ; 
  

   vertebrae 
  16 
  or 
  17+24 
  or 
  25 
  ; 
  vomer 
  with 
  minute 
  teeth, 
  palatines 
  prob- 
  

   ably 
  edentulous 
  (Japan 
  to 
  Marshall 
  Islands 
  southward 
  to 
  Lord 
  Howe 
  

  

  Island) 
  (subfamily 
  Atherioninae) 
  Atherion 
  Jordan 
  and 
  Starks 
  

  

  166. 
  No 
  spinules 
  on 
  head 
  in 
  rows 
  ; 
  teeth 
  in 
  rows, 
  conical, 
  enlarged 
  and 
  canine- 
  

   like 
  or 
  in 
  villiform 
  bands 
  but 
  never 
  reflected 
  on 
  outer 
  surface 
  of 
  

   premaxillary 
  or 
  on 
  dentary 
  as 
  "shagreen." 
  

   17o. 
  Air 
  bladder 
  tapering 
  to 
  a 
  point 
  posteriorly 
  and 
  extending 
  into 
  five 
  

   or 
  more 
  of 
  haemal 
  arches 
  and 
  five 
  or 
  more 
  of 
  first 
  caudal 
  vertebrae 
  

   with 
  broadened 
  hypophyses, 
  these 
  broadened 
  hypophyses 
  mostly 
  

   interconnecting 
  with 
  one 
  another 
  by 
  flattish 
  posteriorly 
  project- 
  

   ing 
  bony 
  processes, 
  opposite 
  tapering 
  posterior 
  part 
  of 
  air 
  bladder; 
  

   vertebrae 
  in 
  increased 
  number 
  ranging 
  from 
  about 
  24 
  to 
  33+18 
  

  

  to 
  30 
  (subfamily 
  Atherinopsinae) 
  

  

  ISo. 
  Premaxillai'y 
  protractile, 
  not 
  bound 
  firmly 
  to 
  tip 
  of 
  snout 
  by 
  a 
  

   frenum; 
  ascending 
  bony 
  process 
  of 
  premaxillary 
  with 
  narrow 
  

   base, 
  not 
  triangular 
  in 
  shape, 
  and 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  separated 
  at 
  an- 
  

   terior 
  midline 
  by 
  a 
  cartilaginous 
  or 
  fleshy 
  rod 
  (figs. 
  4a, 
  Ad) 
  ; 
  

   margins 
  of 
  scales 
  I'ough 
  or 
  entire. 
  

  

  