﻿SIX 
  SUBFAMILIES 
  OF 
  ATHEPJNIDAE 
  SCHULTZ 
  17 
  

  

  we 
  have 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  ascertain, 
  being 
  unable 
  to 
  admit 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  other 
  

   species 
  purely 
  on 
  the 
  word 
  of 
  other 
  scientists. 
  Common 
  to 
  all 
  four 
  [species], 
  

   nay, 
  to 
  all 
  the 
  known 
  species 
  of 
  that 
  genus, 
  as 
  we 
  have 
  delimited 
  it, 
  are 
  the 
  

   following 
  characteristics. 
  

  

  Thus 
  there 
  can 
  be 
  no 
  doubt 
  that 
  Bonaparte 
  retained 
  the 
  genus 
  

   Atherina 
  and 
  restricted 
  it 
  to 
  European 
  species. 
  He 
  definitely 
  indicates 
  

   that 
  Atherina 
  hepsetus 
  is 
  the 
  species 
  on 
  which 
  he 
  based 
  his 
  diagnosis 
  

   of 
  the 
  genus 
  A 
  therina. 
  This 
  is 
  in 
  conformity 
  with 
  A 
  therina 
  Linnaeus, 
  

   with 
  the 
  genotype 
  — 
  Atherina 
  hepsetus 
  Linnaeus. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  left 
  the 
  genus 
  Hepsetia 
  Bonaparte, 
  and 
  again 
  the 
  genotype 
  

   is 
  definitely 
  indicated 
  as 
  Atherina 
  hoyeri. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  carefully 
  studied 
  several 
  lots, 
  including 
  numerous 
  specimens 
  

   of 
  both 
  species, 
  A. 
  hepsetus 
  and 
  A. 
  hoyeri^ 
  from 
  the 
  Bonaparte 
  collec- 
  

   tion 
  in 
  the 
  National 
  Museum 
  and 
  find 
  that 
  the 
  two 
  species 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  

   same 
  phyletic 
  line. 
  

  

  There 
  remain, 
  after 
  excluding 
  Atherina 
  and 
  Hepsetia^ 
  a 
  large 
  num- 
  

   ber 
  of 
  generic 
  names 
  proposed 
  for 
  species 
  of 
  silversides 
  previously 
  

   under 
  the 
  catch-all 
  genus 
  Atherina. 
  Among 
  these 
  I 
  fail 
  to 
  find 
  a 
  single 
  

   species 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  air 
  bladder 
  enters 
  the 
  haemal 
  arches 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  

   subfamily 
  Atherininae. 
  All 
  of 
  them 
  have 
  the 
  air 
  bladder 
  and 
  body 
  

   cavity 
  similar 
  to 
  the 
  drawing 
  as 
  shown 
  in 
  figure 
  la. 
  

  

  The 
  first 
  genus 
  named 
  that 
  belongs 
  to 
  this 
  latter 
  group 
  is 
  Taenio- 
  

   memhras 
  Ogilby, 
  1898, 
  with 
  the 
  genotype 
  Atherina 
  microstoma 
  Giin- 
  

   ther 
  from 
  the 
  Australian 
  region, 
  and 
  these 
  genera 
  all 
  belong 
  to 
  another 
  

   subfamily, 
  herein 
  recognized 
  as 
  tiie 
  Taeniomembrasinae, 
  new 
  sub- 
  

   famil3^ 
  

  

  The 
  above 
  discussion 
  is 
  not 
  in 
  full 
  agreement 
  with 
  Dr. 
  Jordan's 
  

   note 
  in 
  Copeia, 
  No. 
  32, 
  pp. 
  47-48, 
  1916, 
  entitled 
  "On 
  Hepsetia 
  Bona- 
  

   parte, 
  a 
  Forgotten 
  Genus 
  of 
  Atherinoid 
  Fishes." 
  Membras 
  is 
  not 
  a 
  

   synonym 
  of 
  Atherina. 
  

  

  Genus 
  ATHERINA 
  Linnaeus 
  

  

  Plates 
  1, 
  2 
  ; 
  Figures 
  Ic, 
  2f 
  

  

  Atherina 
  Linn.^;us, 
  Systema 
  naturae, 
  ed. 
  10, 
  p. 
  315, 
  1758 
  (genotype: 
  Atherina 
  

   hepsetus 
  Linnaeus). 
  (Internat. 
  Comm. 
  ZooL 
  Nomenclature 
  1922, 
  opinion 
  

   No. 
  75.) 
  

  

  Aphia 
  Risso, 
  Histoire 
  naturelle 
  des 
  principales 
  productions 
  de 
  I'Europe 
  meridi- 
  

   onale 
  . 
  . 
  ., 
  vol. 
  3, 
  p. 
  287, 
  1826 
  (genotype: 
  Aphia 
  meridionalis 
  Risso). 
  The 
  

   si)ecies 
  described 
  is 
  not 
  in 
  sufficient 
  detail 
  to 
  know 
  with 
  certainty 
  if 
  it 
  

   should 
  be 
  referred 
  to 
  Hepsetia 
  or 
  Atherina, 
  but 
  it 
  probably 
  belongs 
  as 
  a 
  

   synonym 
  of 
  Atherina. 
  

  

  Borsieri 
  recognized 
  five 
  species 
  from 
  the 
  Mediterranean 
  region, 
  but 
  

   I 
  refer 
  only 
  Atherina 
  hepsetus 
  with 
  certainty 
  to 
  this 
  genus. 
  Probably 
  

   Atherina 
  preshyter 
  Cuvier 
  and 
  Valenciennes 
  belongs 
  in 
  this 
  genus 
  too. 
  

  

  The 
  generic 
  diagnosis 
  is 
  based 
  on 
  several 
  specimens 
  of 
  A. 
  hepsetus 
  

   in 
  the 
  National 
  Museum. 
  

  

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