﻿SIX 
  SUBFAMILIES 
  OF 
  ATHERINIDAE 
  — 
  SCHULTZ 
  23 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  examined 
  tlie 
  types 
  of 
  Atherina 
  araea 
  Jordan 
  and 
  Gilbert, 
  

   U. 
  S. 
  N. 
  M. 
  No. 
  34967; 
  Atherina 
  harringtonensis^ 
  U. 
  S. 
  N. 
  M. 
  No. 
  

   21945; 
  and 
  paratypes 
  of 
  Atherina 
  o'valaua 
  Herre, 
  U. 
  S. 
  N. 
  M. 
  Nos. 
  

   117318-9, 
  142910, 
  142911 
  sent 
  in 
  exchange 
  by 
  the 
  Chicago 
  Natural 
  

   History 
  Museum 
  and 
  refer 
  them 
  to 
  this 
  genus. 
  

  

  Among 
  the 
  species 
  from 
  the 
  Pacific 
  and 
  Indian 
  Oceans, 
  I 
  refer 
  the 
  

   following 
  to 
  this 
  genus 
  on 
  the 
  basis 
  of 
  material 
  examined 
  in 
  the 
  

   National 
  collections 
  : 
  Atherina 
  valenciennesii 
  Bleeker 
  ; 
  A. 
  duodecimalis 
  

   Cuvier 
  and 
  Valenciennes; 
  A. 
  hleekeri 
  Giinther; 
  A. 
  woodwardi 
  Jordan 
  

   and 
  Starks; 
  A. 
  haldbacensis 
  Seale; 
  and 
  A. 
  regina 
  Scale. 
  

  

  HYPOATHERINA, 
  new 
  genus 
  

  

  FiGUBE 
  3C 
  

  

  Genotype. 
  — 
  Atherina 
  uisila 
  Jordan 
  and 
  Seale. 
  

  

  This 
  new 
  genus 
  is 
  related 
  to 
  Allanetta 
  but 
  differs 
  in 
  having 
  the 
  

   anus 
  behind 
  the 
  tips 
  of 
  the 
  pelvics 
  and 
  usually 
  under 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   first 
  dorsal 
  fin. 
  The 
  gill 
  rakers 
  are 
  long 
  and 
  slender, 
  the 
  mouth 
  large, 
  

   rear 
  of 
  maxillary 
  reaching 
  a 
  vertical 
  line 
  through 
  the 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  

   crbit; 
  vertebral 
  counts 
  in 
  three 
  specimens 
  indicate 
  about 
  18 
  or 
  19 
  + 
  22 
  

   or 
  23 
  vertebrae. 
  The 
  ascending 
  premaxillary 
  processes 
  are 
  moder- 
  

   ately 
  long 
  and 
  broad 
  based 
  but 
  do 
  not 
  reach 
  to 
  opposite 
  front 
  of 
  orbits 
  ; 
  

   rami 
  of 
  mandibles 
  elevated; 
  origin 
  of 
  first 
  dorsal 
  near 
  middle 
  of 
  

   standard 
  length. 
  This 
  new 
  genus 
  may 
  be 
  separated 
  from 
  all 
  related 
  

   genera 
  by 
  ih& 
  characters 
  given 
  in 
  my 
  key. 
  

  

  Hypoatherina 
  is 
  closely 
  related 
  to 
  Stenatherina 
  and 
  shares 
  with 
  it 
  

   the 
  possession 
  of 
  an 
  elongate 
  median 
  preanal 
  membranous 
  bony 
  plate, 
  

   embedded 
  in 
  flesh 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  pterygiophores. 
  

  

  To 
  the 
  new 
  genus 
  Hypoatherlna 
  I 
  refer 
  U. 
  S. 
  N. 
  M. 
  No. 
  49816, 
  

   three 
  paratypes 
  of 
  Atherina 
  tsurugae 
  Jordan 
  and 
  Starks; 
  U. 
  S. 
  N. 
  M. 
  

   No. 
  51726 
  and 
  No. 
  126300, 
  numerous 
  cotypes 
  of 
  A. 
  tiisila 
  Jordan 
  and 
  

   Seale; 
  A. 
  panatela 
  Jordan 
  and 
  Richardson; 
  A. 
  gobio 
  Klunzinger; 
  A. 
  

   lacunosa 
  Forster 
  in 
  Bloch 
  and 
  Schneider 
  as 
  restricted 
  and 
  defined 
  by 
  

   Ogilby 
  (Mem. 
  Queensland 
  Mus., 
  vol. 
  1, 
  p. 
  40, 
  pi. 
  12, 
  fig. 
  2, 
  1912) 
  and 
  

   based 
  on 
  U. 
  S. 
  N. 
  M. 
  No. 
  132607 
  from 
  Queensland. 
  

  

  Genus 
  PRANESUS 
  Whitley 
  

  

  Figures 
  2e, 
  3e 
  

  

  Pranesus 
  Whitley, 
  Mem. 
  Queensland 
  Mus., 
  vol. 
  10, 
  pt. 
  1, 
  p. 
  9, 
  1930 
  (genotype: 
  

   P. 
  ogilhyi 
  Whitley, 
  based 
  on 
  Ogilby's 
  figure 
  of 
  Atherina 
  pinguis 
  (not 
  of 
  

   LacepMe) 
  from 
  Moreton 
  Bay, 
  Queensland, 
  in 
  Mem. 
  Queensland 
  Mus., 
  vol. 
  1, 
  

   p. 
  38, 
  pi. 
  12, 
  fig. 
  1, 
  1912). 
  

  

  Thoracatherina 
  Fowleb, 
  Proc. 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  Sei. 
  Philadelphia, 
  vol. 
  93, 
  p. 
  249, 
  1941 
  

   (genotype: 
  Atherina 
  insularum 
  Jordan 
  and 
  Evermann). 
  

  

  Studies 
  of 
  paratypes 
  of 
  A. 
  insularum, 
  U. 
  S. 
  N. 
  M. 
  No. 
  126902, 
  from 
  

   Hawaiian 
  Islands, 
  and 
  Zanzibar 
  specimens 
  of 
  A. 
  pinguis 
  Lacepede 
  

  

  