﻿PYCNOGONIDA 
  FROM 
  JAPANESE 
  WATERS 
  — 
  HEDGPETH 
  307 
  

  

  cusses 
  the 
  difference 
  in 
  proportions 
  of 
  the 
  joints 
  of 
  the 
  oviger 
  of 
  P. 
  

   ungellatum., 
  based 
  on 
  Loman's 
  figures, 
  which 
  are 
  inaccurate, 
  since 
  the 
  

   basal 
  joint 
  was 
  overlooked 
  by 
  Loman.]. 
  P. 
  tenue 
  (Slater) 
  , 
  P. 
  stearnsi 
  

   Cole 
  [sic], 
  both 
  occurring 
  in 
  Japanese 
  waters, 
  P. 
  crassirostre 
  Sars 
  

   from 
  the 
  North 
  Atlantic, 
  and 
  P. 
  magellanicum 
  Hoek 
  are 
  all 
  similar 
  to 
  

   the 
  new 
  species 
  in 
  body 
  shape 
  but 
  lack 
  auxiliary 
  claws, 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  

   respect 
  differ 
  distinctly 
  from 
  it. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  Mr, 
  Toma 
  [the 
  collector] 
  this 
  species 
  is 
  attached 
  to 
  a 
  

   sea 
  anemone 
  which 
  occupies 
  concavities 
  of 
  rock 
  on 
  shallow 
  bottom. 
  

   Occasionally 
  three 
  sea 
  spiders 
  are 
  found 
  attached 
  to 
  a 
  single 
  host. 
  

   In 
  the 
  preserved 
  specimen 
  sent 
  to 
  me 
  by 
  the 
  collector 
  I 
  found 
  one 
  

   hooked 
  to 
  the 
  outer 
  body 
  wall 
  of 
  the 
  host, 
  while 
  four 
  more 
  were 
  en- 
  

   closed 
  in 
  the 
  gastrovascular 
  cavity. 
  In 
  the 
  literature 
  there 
  is 
  only 
  one 
  

   species 
  which 
  is 
  known 
  to 
  live 
  attached 
  to 
  sea 
  anemones, 
  P. 
  littorale 
  

   (Strom), 
  occurring 
  commonly 
  in 
  northern 
  Europe. 
  [/*. 
  stearnsi 
  Ives 
  

   is 
  reported 
  in 
  association 
  with 
  the 
  large 
  green 
  California 
  coastal 
  

   anemone 
  Grihrina 
  xanthogrammica 
  by 
  Johnson 
  and 
  Snook, 
  1927, 
  p. 
  

   409, 
  Hilton, 
  1934, 
  Ricketts 
  and 
  Calvin, 
  1939, 
  p. 
  54, 
  Hedgpeth, 
  1941, 
  p. 
  

   254, 
  and 
  P. 
  rickettsi 
  Schmitt 
  is 
  reported 
  in 
  association 
  with 
  Metridium 
  

   by 
  Schmitt, 
  1934, 
  fide 
  Ricketts.] 
  The 
  earliest 
  record 
  is 
  that 
  of 
  Milne 
  

   Edwards, 
  who 
  found 
  it 
  on 
  Cynthia 
  and 
  fish 
  (divers 
  poissons). 
  E. 
  B. 
  

   Wilson 
  wrote 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  perhaps 
  parasitic 
  on 
  Bolocera 
  tuediae^ 
  a 
  sea 
  

   anemone, 
  because 
  it 
  is 
  often 
  found 
  attached 
  to 
  the 
  lower 
  side. 
  Also 
  

   G, 
  O. 
  Sars 
  (1891) 
  wrote 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  firmly 
  hooked 
  to 
  Tealia 
  digltata 
  and 
  

   T. 
  crassicornis 
  but 
  that 
  it 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  decided 
  whether 
  or 
  not 
  it 
  fed 
  

   on 
  them. 
  Recent 
  information 
  is 
  scarce 
  but 
  Prell 
  (1911) 
  stated 
  that 
  

   it 
  [P. 
  littorale] 
  is 
  often 
  attached 
  to 
  Urticina 
  {Tealia) 
  c7'assicornis, 
  

   and 
  Meisenheimer 
  (1925) 
  found 
  it 
  on 
  Actiniloba 
  {Metridium) 
  dian- 
  

   thus 
  and 
  stated 
  that 
  it 
  absorbs 
  the 
  body 
  fluid 
  through 
  the 
  proboscis, 
  

   which 
  is 
  buried 
  in 
  the 
  body 
  of 
  the 
  host. 
  According 
  to 
  Arndt 
  (1913) 
  

   it 
  lives 
  on 
  Milne-Edioardsia 
  loweni 
  and 
  according 
  to 
  Cuenot 
  (1921) 
  it 
  

   also 
  lives 
  on 
  Cynthia. 
  Prell 
  observed 
  it 
  very 
  closely 
  and 
  wrote 
  that 
  

   it 
  is 
  attached 
  not 
  only 
  on 
  four 
  different 
  kinds 
  of 
  sea 
  anemone 
  in 
  an 
  

   aquarium 
  but 
  also 
  on 
  Lucernaria 
  (a 
  jellyfish) 
  and 
  Cucumaria 
  fron- 
  

   dosa. 
  Dogiel 
  (1913) 
  supplemented 
  this 
  observation 
  while 
  stu 
  dying- 
  

   its 
  development 
  and 
  stated 
  that 
  only 
  the 
  adult 
  is 
  found 
  attached 
  to 
  

   the 
  sea 
  anemone 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  younger 
  stages 
  are 
  found 
  only 
  [?] 
  in 
  

   Clava 
  muUicornis. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  named 
  our 
  new 
  species 
  after 
  the 
  place 
  where 
  it 
  was 
  col- 
  

   lected. 
  Its 
  mode 
  of 
  living 
  is 
  not 
  yet 
  fully 
  known. 
  It 
  is 
  rather 
  rare 
  

   that 
  two 
  very 
  similar 
  species 
  of 
  sea 
  spider 
  live 
  so 
  very 
  far 
  apart 
  

   and 
  at 
  very 
  different 
  latitudes. 
  

  

  