﻿332 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  vol.98 
  

  

  and 
  thus, 
  of 
  necessity, 
  equivalent 
  to 
  capucinus 
  of 
  authors. 
  There 
  is 
  

   not 
  the 
  sHghtest 
  foundation 
  for 
  this 
  conclusion 
  either 
  in 
  the 
  very- 
  

   references 
  cited 
  by 
  Tate 
  or 
  in 
  what 
  early 
  authors 
  have 
  actually 
  identi- 
  

   fied 
  as 
  apella 
  and 
  capucinus. 
  The 
  three 
  groups 
  of 
  "untufted" 
  cebids 
  

   as 
  arranged 
  by 
  Tate 
  are 
  summarized 
  below. 
  The 
  equivalent 
  nomen- 
  

   clature 
  of 
  this 
  paper 
  is 
  shown 
  in 
  brackets. 
  

   Group 
  1, 
  uncrested 
  (Tate, 
  1939, 
  pp. 
  211-213): 
  

  

  C. 
  aptlla 
  apella 
  [= 
  C. 
  nigrivittatus 
  castaneus] 
  

  

  C. 
  griseus 
  Desmarest 
  [= 
  "tufted" 
  or 
  C. 
  apella 
  Linnaeus] 
  

  

  C. 
  apella 
  olivaceus 
  [= 
  C. 
  nigrivittatus 
  olivaceus] 
  

  

  C. 
  apella 
  apiculatus 
  [= 
  C. 
  nigrivittatus 
  apiculatus] 
  

  

  C. 
  apella 
  brunneus 
  [= 
  C. 
  nigrivittatus 
  brunneus] 
  

  

  C. 
  apella 
  malitiosus 
  [= 
  C. 
  albifrons 
  malitiosus] 
  

  

  C. 
  aequatorialis 
  [= 
  C. 
  albifrons 
  aequatorialis] 
  

  

  Group 
  2, 
  uncrested, 
  "essentially 
  Amazonian 
  in 
  distribution" 
  (Tate, 
  

   1939, 
  pp. 
  211-212): 
  [in 
  the 
  order 
  given] 
  albifrons, 
  gracilis, 
  leucocepha- 
  

   lus 
  [not 
  Amazonian], 
  versicolor 
  [not 
  Amazonian], 
  unicolor 
  [all 
  the 
  pre- 
  

   ceding 
  referrable 
  to 
  albifrons], 
  fiavus 
  [unidentifiable], 
  castaneus 
  [a 
  race 
  

   of 
  nigrivittatus 
  and 
  not 
  Amazonian], 
  variegatus? 
  ["tufted," 
  not 
  Ama- 
  

   zonian], 
  xanthosternos 
  ["tufted," 
  not 
  Amazonian], 
  robustus 
  ["tufted," 
  

   not 
  Amazonian], 
  cuscinus 
  [a 
  race 
  of 
  albifrons]. 
  On 
  page 
  213, 
  Tate 
  

   hsted 
  flavus 
  as 
  a 
  synonym 
  of 
  albifrons 
  and, 
  in 
  addition 
  to 
  those 
  

   mentioned 
  above, 
  added 
  barbatus, 
  albus 
  [both 
  unidentifiable], 
  variegatus 
  

   [without 
  question 
  mark], 
  and 
  leucocephalus 
  BlainvUle 
  [a 
  Pithecia] 
  as 
  

   probably 
  conspecific 
  with 
  albifrons 
  "though 
  representing 
  in 
  some 
  cases 
  

   geographical 
  races." 
  Simia 
  flavia 
  Schi-eber 
  was 
  mentioned 
  as 
  "not 
  

   certainly 
  identifiable 
  as 
  Cebus." 
  

  

  Group 
  3, 
  uncrested, 
  "Central 
  American 
  division" 
  (Tate, 
  p. 
  212), 
  

   with 
  the 
  Colombian 
  nigripectus 
  [capucinus] 
  and 
  chrysopus 
  [an 
  albifrons 
  

   of 
  unknown 
  origin 
  but 
  probably 
  Amazonian]. 
  

  

  The 
  fourth 
  or 
  crested 
  group 
  of 
  Cebus 
  (Tate, 
  p. 
  212) 
  included 
  species 
  

   regarded 
  as 
  "probably 
  best 
  treated 
  as 
  subspecies 
  of 
  fatuellus 
  Linnaeus." 
  

   By 
  rejecting 
  the 
  first 
  valid 
  name, 
  apella, 
  Tate 
  might 
  have 
  adopted 
  

   the 
  specific 
  name 
  trepidus 
  Linnaeus, 
  which 
  has 
  priority 
  over 
  fatuellus. 
  

   Instead 
  he 
  listed 
  trepidus 
  (p. 
  213) 
  as 
  a 
  subspecies 
  oi 
  fatuellus. 
  The 
  

   brown 
  uncrested 
  or 
  "untufted" 
  Cebus 
  nigrivittatus 
  Wagner 
  was 
  also 
  

   included 
  in 
  his 
  crested 
  division 
  (p. 
  212). 
  

  

  A 
  revision 
  of 
  the 
  genus 
  Cebus 
  presented 
  as 
  a 
  doctoral 
  thesis 
  by 
  Pusch 
  

   (1941) 
  is 
  the 
  ultimate 
  in 
  confusion. 
  Nothing 
  would 
  be 
  gained 
  by 
  

   reviewing 
  the 
  work 
  here. 
  References 
  to 
  Pusch's 
  use 
  of 
  names 
  for 
  

   "untufted" 
  cebids 
  are 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  text 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  synonymies 
  on 
  

   later 
  pages 
  of 
  this 
  work. 
  

  

  The 
  late 
  Eladio 
  da 
  Cruz 
  Lima 
  (1945) 
  has 
  presented 
  an 
  excellent 
  

   pictorial 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  Primates 
  of 
  Amazonia. 
  His 
  colored 
  plates 
  

  

  